脂质运载蛋白2在肿瘤中的研究进展
Research Progress of Lipocalin-2 in Tumors
DOI: 10.12677/acm.2026.163871, PDF,   
作者: 刘昊炜：赣南医科大学第一临床医学院，江西 赣州；刘清泉*：赣南医科大学第一附属医院肝胆胰外科，江西 赣州
关键词: 脂质运载蛋白2；NGAL；肿瘤发生；肿瘤转移；铁代谢；肿瘤微环境；Lipocalin-2； NGAL； Tumorigenesis； Tumor Metastasis； Iron Metabolism； Tumor Microenvironment
摘要: 脂质运载蛋白2 (Lipocalin-2, LCN2)，也被称为中性粒细胞明胶酶相关脂质运载蛋白(NGAL)，是脂质运载蛋白家族的一个重要成员。最初在中性粒细胞中被发现，LCN2作为一种急性期反应蛋白，在先天免疫、炎症反应以及铁离子稳态中扮演着关键角色。近年来，大量研究表明LCN2在多种人类恶性肿瘤中异常高表达，包括乳腺癌、结直肠癌、胰腺癌、肝癌、卵巢癌等，其表达水平与肿瘤的发生、发展、侵袭、转移及治疗抵抗密切相关。LCN2通过多种复杂的分子机制参与肿瘤进程，主要包括：通过与铁螯合物结合调节细胞内铁代谢、激活上皮–间质转化(EMT)、调控多种信号通路、重塑肿瘤微环境等。本文旨在系统综述LCN2的生物学特性、在各类肿瘤中的表达与功能、作用机制及其作为肿瘤诊断生物标志物和治疗靶点的潜在临床价值，并对未来研究方向进行展望。
Abstract: Lipocalin-2 (LCN2), also referred to as neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), is a pivotal member of the lipocalin family. First identified in neutrophils, LCN2 functions as an acute-phase response protein and plays critical roles in innate immunity, inflammatory responses, and iron homeostasis. In recent years, accumulating studies have demonstrated that LCN2 is aberrantly overexpressed in a variety of human malignancies, including breast cancer, colorectal cancer, pancreatic cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, and ovarian cancer. Its expression level is closely associated with tumorigenesis, progression, invasion, metastasis, and therapeutic resistance. LCN2 participates in tumor progression through multiple intricate molecular mechanisms, primarily encompassing the regulation of intracellular iron metabolism via binding to iron chelates, activation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), modulation of multiple signaling pathways, and remodeling of the tumor microenvironment. This article aims to systematically review the biological properties of LCN2, its expression patterns and functional roles in various types of tumors, its underlying mechanisms of action, as well as its potential clinical value as a diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target for tumors. Additionally, future research directions in this field are prospected.
文章引用：刘昊炜, 刘清泉. 脂质运载蛋白2在肿瘤中的研究进展[J]. 临床医学进展, 2026, 16(3): 982-989. https://doi.org/10.12677/acm.2026.163871

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