微创经皮钢板固定术与交锁髓内钉治疗胫骨 远端关节外骨折的效果对比研究

Comparative Study on the Effects of Minimally Invasive Percutaneous Plate Osteosynthesis and Interlocking Intramedullary Nail in the Treatment of Distal Tibial Extra Articular Fractures

摘要: 目的：研究对比胫骨远端关节外骨折采用交锁髓内钉(IIN)、微创经皮钢板固定术(MIPPO)治疗的效果。方法：选取2023年1月至2025年1月本院收入的胫骨远端关节外骨折患者55例，按治疗方法不同分为常规组(IIN治疗，n = 25)、研究组(MIPPO治疗，n = 30)。对比两组治疗效果。结果：研究组手术、住院时间均短于常规组，骨折愈合时间长于常规组(P < 0.05)；研究组踝、膝关节功能评分高于常规组(P > 0.05)；研究组炎症因子水平低于常规组(P < 0.05)；研究组术后并发症少于常规组(P < 0.05)。结论：IIN与MIPPO治疗胫骨远端关节外骨折在改善踝膝关节功能方面的效果接近，但IIN治疗后骨折愈合时间更短，而MIPPO治疗则能减少手术及住院时间，同时更有效地控制炎症反应，减少术后并发症。

Abstract: Objective: To compare the therapeutic effects of interlocking intramedullary nail (IIN) and minimally invasive percutaneous plate osteosynthesis (MIPPO) on distal tibial extra articular fractures. Method: 55 patients with distal tibial extra articular fractures admitted to our hospital from January 2023 to January 2025 were selected and divided into a conventional group (IIN treatment, n = 25), The research group (MIPPO treatment, n = 30). Compare the therapeutic effects of the two groups. The results showed that the surgery and hospitalization time of the study group were shorter than those of the conventional group, and the fracture healing time was longer than that of the conventional group (P < 0.05); The ankle and knee joint function scores of the research group were higher than those of the control group (P > 0.05); The levels of inflammatory factors in the study group were lower than those in the control group (P < 0.05); The incidence of postoperative complications in the study group was lower than that in the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: IIN and MIPPO have similar effects in improving ankle and knee joint function in the treatment of distal tibial extra articular fractures. However, IIN treatment has a shorter fracture healing time, while MIPPO treatment can reduce surgery and hospitalization time, effectively control inflammatory reactions, and reduce postoperative complications.