产后抑郁的情绪冲突行为：一项系统综述

Emotional Conflict Behavior in Postpartum Depression: A Systematic Review

摘要: 背景：怀孕和分娩伴随着生理与心理的巨大变化，是抑郁症的重要易感因素之一。产后抑郁症作为一种最重要的围产期心理问题，通常伴随着认知与情绪之间的冲突，可能会严重影响到母婴互动。情绪Stroop任务被广泛应用于研究情绪偏向问题研究，有助于了解个体注意力、认知控制以及情绪之间的相互作用，因此本文综述了抑郁的产后妇女的情绪冲突的研究。方法：本文系统检索了3个重要的电子数据库，使用了与产后抑郁和情绪冲突相关的术语，共纳入文献5篇，总计被试数量为781名。结果：相较于健康的母亲，患有产后抑郁的母亲在遇到情绪刺激干扰时更有可能出现负性的注意偏向，同时她们更有可能识别出婴儿脸上的消极情绪(即悲伤)，而在识别积极情绪(即快乐)方面则不太准确。此外，患有抑郁症的女性可能更快地脱离积极和消极的婴儿情绪表达。结论：尽管缺少对于面孔情绪刺激的干扰研究，但在产后抑郁症患者上都表现出了情绪Stroop效应。

Abstract: Background: Pregnancy and childbirth involve significant physiological and psychological changes, making them major risk factors for depression. Postpartum depression, as one of the most critical perinatal psychological issues, is often accompanied by cognitive-emotional conflict and may severely impact mother-infant interactions. The Emotional Stroop Task is widely employed in emotion bias research, facilitating insights into the interplay between individual attention, cognitive control, and emotion. This review therefore examines studies on emotional conflict in postpartum women with depression. Methods: We systematically searched three major electronic databases using terms related to postpartum depression and emotional conflict, identifying five studies with a total sample size of 781 participants. Results: Compared to healthy mothers, those with postpartum depression exhibited a greater tendency toward negative attentional bias when exposed to emotional stimuli. They were more likely to identify negative emotions (i.e., sadness) on infants’ faces while demonstrating reduced accuracy in recognizing positive emotions (i.e., happiness). Additionally, depressed women tended to disengage more rapidly from both positive and negative infant emotional expressions. Conclusion: Despite limited research on interference with facial emotion stimuli, the emotional Stroop effect was demonstrated across studies involving postpartum depression patients.