低渗油藏压裂返排制度优化研究

Optimization of Flowback Management Strategies for Hydraulic Fracturing in Low Permeability Oil Reservoirs

摘要: 低渗油藏由于其渗透率低，流体流动阻力大，通常需要通过压裂增产措施来提高油井产能。然而，压裂液的返排问题如果处理不当，会对油藏造成伤害，影响压裂效果。因此，研究低渗油藏压裂返排制度的优化具有重要的现实意义。本文针对低渗油藏压裂后返排过程中存在的问题，收集典型区块的地质、压裂及生产资料，通过现场数据分析与数值模拟，分析影响压后返排效果的因素，确定合理返排时机，对停排参数进行合理界定，对返排制度合理控制优化，同时建立了适用于冀东低渗储层的合理返排制度图版，形成了一套适合低渗油藏的压裂返排制度，并在实际应用中取得了良好效果，提高了油藏的开发效率和经济效益。

Abstract: Due to their low permeability and high fluid flow resistance, low-permeability reservoirs usually require fracturing stimulation measures to improve well productivity. However, if the flowback of fracturing fluid is not properly managed, it can cause damage to the reservoir and affect fracturing effectiveness. Therefore, studying the optimization of fracturing flowback management in low-permeability reservoirs has important practical significance. This paper addresses the problems in the flowback process after fracturing in low-permeability reservoirs. By collecting geological, fracturing, and production data from typical blocks, and through field data analysis and numerical simulation, the factors affecting post-fracturing flowback effectiveness are analyzed, reasonable flowback timing is determined, flowback stop parameters are rationally defined, and the flowback system is properly controlled and optimized. Meanwhile, a reasonable flowback management chart suitable for low-permeability reservoirs in Jidong has been established, forming a set of fracturing flowback management system suitable for low-permeability reservoirs. This system has achieved good results in practical application, improving reservoir development efficiency and economic benefits.