超声评估颈动脉易损斑块及其在缺血性脑卒中风险预测中的研究进展
Research Progress of Ultrasonic Evaluation of Vulnerable Carotid Plaques and Its Application in Risk Prediction of Ischemic Stroke
摘要: 缺血性脑卒中是全球高致残致死性脑血管疾病，颈动脉易损斑块破裂及栓子脱落是其重要致病机制之一。常规二维超声在斑块易损性精准评估方面存在一定局限，而缺血性脑卒中的发生与易损斑块密切相关。近年来，超声技术的快速发展推动颈动脉斑块评估由形态学向功能学和分子学层面拓展。本文综述多种超声新技术在颈动脉易损斑块评估中的研究进展，探讨其临床应用价值与未来发展方向，为缺血性脑卒中的风险评估与精准防控提供参考。
Abstract: Ischemic stroke is a cerebrovascular disease with high rates of disability and mortality worldwide, and the rupture of vulnerable carotid plaques followed by embolus detachment constitutes one of its crucial pathogenic mechanisms. Conventional two-dimensional ultrasound has certain limitations in the accurate assessment of plaque vulnerability, whereas the occurrence of ischemic stroke is closely correlated with vulnerable plaques. In recent years, the rapid advancement of ultrasonic techniques has promoted the shift of carotid plaque assessment from the morphological level to the functional and molecular levels. This article reviews the research progress of various novel ultrasonic technologies in the evaluation of vulnerable carotid plaques, discusses their clinical application value and future development directions, and thereby provides a reference for the risk assessment and precise prevention and control of ischemic stroke.
文章引用：汤晓倩, 孙阳. 超声评估颈动脉易损斑块及其在缺血性脑卒中风险预测中的研究进展[J]. 临床医学进展, 2026, 16(3): 1313-1321. https://doi.org/10.12677/acm.2026.163909

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