喉罩在乳腺外科手术中应用及其对术后恢复 质量影响的研究进展——喉罩联合无肌松麻醉的ERAS视角
Research Progress in the Application of Laryngeal Mask Airway in Breast Surgery and Its Impact on Postoperative Recovery Quality—A Perspective from the ERAS Approach of LMA Combined with Neuromuscular Blockade-Free Anesthesia
DOI: 10.12677/acm.2026.163918, PDF,   
作者: 杨雯雯, 雷星恒, 代光玉：赣南医科大学第一临床医学院，江西 赣州；郭 锐*：赣南医科大学第一附属医院麻醉手术中心，江西 赣州；赣州市麻醉学重点实验室，江西 赣州
关键词: 喉罩；乳腺外科；气道管理；无肌松麻醉；加速康复外科；术后恢复质量；QoR15；QoR-40；Laryngeal Mask Airway； Breast Surgery； Airway Management； Neuromuscular Blockade-Free Anesthesia； Enhanced Recovery After Surgery； Quality of Postoperative Recovery； QoR-15； QoR-40
摘要: 乳腺外科手术患者以女性为主，对围术期舒适度和快速康复具有较高需求。气道管理方式作为全身麻醉的重要组成部分，不仅关系到术中气道安全，也对术后恢复质量产生重要影响。喉罩(laryngeal mask airway, LMA)作为一种介于面罩与气管插管(endotracheal tube)之间的声门上气道装置，具有置入简便、对气道刺激小及术后咽喉部并发症发生率低等优势，近年来在非气道手术中的应用逐渐增多。随着加速康复外科(enhanced recovery after surgery, ERAS)理念的深入推广，喉罩在乳腺外科手术中的潜在价值受到关注。本文系统综述了喉罩的技术发展历程及其在非气道手术中的应用特点，重点分析喉罩在乳腺外科手术中对血流动力学稳定性、术后早期与中长期恢复质量，尤其是术后肺部并发症的影响，并进一步探讨喉罩联合无肌松麻醉策略在促进术后快速康复方面的可行性与安全性。
Abstract: Breast surgery is predominantly performed in female patients, who often have high expectations for perioperative comfort and rapid recovery. Airway management is a critical component of general anesthesia that not only affects intraoperative airway safety but also influences the quality of postoperative recovery. The laryngeal mask airway (LMA), a supraglottic airway device positioned between the facemask and endotracheal tube, offers advantages such as ease of insertion, minimal airway stimulation, and a lower incidence of postoperative pharyngeal complications. Its use has gradually increased in non-airway surgeries in recent years. With the widespread adoption of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) principles, the potential benefits of LMA in breast surgery have attracted growing attention. This article systematically reviews the technical evolution of the LMA and its application characteristics in non-airway procedures. It focuses on the effects of LMA on hemodynamic stability, early and long-term postoperative recovery, and particularly postoperative pulmonary complications in breast surgery. Furthermore, the feasibility and safety of combining LMA with a neuromuscular blockade-free anesthesia strategy in promoting rapid postoperative recovery are discussed.
文章引用：杨雯雯, 郭锐, 雷星恒, 代光玉. 喉罩在乳腺外科手术中应用及其对术后恢复 质量影响的研究进展——喉罩联合无肌松麻醉的ERAS视角[J]. 临床医学进展, 2026, 16(3): 1389-1398. https://doi.org/10.12677/acm.2026.163918

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