胸部超声在术前胸膜粘连诊断中的应用价值与进展

Application Value and Advances of Chest Ultrasound in Preoperative Diagnosis of Pleural Adhesions

摘要: 胸膜粘连是胸外科手术里经常碰到的病理状态，这种状态会比较明显地加大手术操作的难度，还会提升围术期出现并发症的风险，因此术前对它做准确的评估，对于调整手术方案、预判风险以及改善患者术后的恢复情况，有不小的临床价值。而传统的影像学方法，在诊断胸膜粘连这方面还有一定的局限。这篇论文主要是研究胸部超声，它是一种无创、能实时成像、还方便在床旁使用的影像学工具，看看它在术前评估胸膜粘连时的应用价值，还有相关的研究进展。文章系统阐述了其诊断胸膜粘连的技术原理与典型影像学特征，分析了其诊断效能及相较于计算机断层扫描等方法的优势，并探讨了当前的临床应用策略、存在的局限性以及未来的发展方向，以期为临床决策提供循证医学参考。

Abstract: Pleural adhesions are a common pathological condition encountered in thoracic surgery. This condition significantly increases the difficulty of surgical procedures and elevates the risk of perioperative complications. Therefore, accurate preoperative assessment of pleural adhesions holds considerable clinical value for adjusting surgical plans, predicting risks, and improving postoperative recovery outcomes. Traditional imaging methods, however, have certain limitations in diagnosing pleural adhesions. This paper primarily investigates the application value and recent research advances of thoracic ultrasound—a non-invasive, real-time imaging tool suitable for bedside use—in the preoperative assessment of pleural adhesions. The article systematically explains the technical principles and typical imaging features for diagnosing pleural adhesions using ultrasound. It analyzes its diagnostic efficacy and advantages over methods such as computed tomography (CT), while also discussing current clinical application strategies, existing limitations, and future development directions. This aims to provide evidence-based medical references for clinical decision-making.