儿科门诊微生态制剂处方单中心分析

Single-Center Analysis of Probiotic Prescriptions in Pediatric Clinic

摘要: 目的：了解儿科门诊微生态制剂的处方用药情况现状并进行合理性分析，促进临床合理用药。方法：通过医院信息系统提取青岛市西海岸新区中心医院儿科门诊2023年1~12月共计3162张含有微生态制剂的有效处方，对所含微生态制剂处方的年龄、性别、诊断、微生态制剂种类、治疗量、处方存在问题等进行统计分析。结果：该院儿科门诊应用的微生态制剂为五种，分别为酪酸梭菌活菌散剂(2257份，71.38%)、双歧杆菌三联活菌胶囊(培菲康，262张，8.29%)、布拉氏酵母菌(228张，7.21%)、双歧杆菌三联活菌(贝飞达，185张，5.85%)、复方嗜酸乳杆菌片(230张，7.27%)；主要使用年龄分布在1~6岁，诊断为腹泻、小儿肠炎、消化不良的儿童使用微生态制剂居多；微生态制剂超说明书用药主要体现在超适应症用药，占比59.01%。结论：该院儿科门诊微生态制剂使用不合理处方发生率较高，存在超适应症用药、用量不适宜、联合中成药指征不严等问题，需重点关注。

Abstract: Objective: To understand the current status of prescription use of probiotics in pediatric clinics and conduct a rationality analysis to promote rational drug use in clinical practice. Methods: A total of 3162 valid prescriptions containing probiotics from the Pediatric Clinic of Qingdao West Coast New Area Central Hospital from January to December 2023 were extracted from the hospital information system. Statistical analysis was conducted on the age, gender, diagnosis, type of probiotic, dosage, and problems of the prescriptions containing probiotics. Results: Five probiotic preparations were used: Clostridium butyricum live bacterial powder (2,257 prescriptions, 71.38%), Bifidobacterium triple live bacterial capsules (Peifeikang, 262 prescriptions, 8.29%), Brachydia yeast (228 prescriptions, 7.21%), Bifidobacterium triple live bacterial (Befida, 185 prescriptions, 5.85%), and Compound Lactobacillus acidophilus tablets (230 prescriptions, 7.27%). The primary age group was 1~6 years old, with most prescriptions for children diagnosed with diarrhea, pediatric enteritis, or indigestion. Over 59.01% of prescriptions exceeded approved indications. Conclusion: The hospital’s pediatric clinics demonstrate high rates of irrational probiotic use, including off-label applications, inappropriate dosages, and insufficient criteria for combining with traditional Chinese medicine. These issues require urgent attention.