生活事件与自杀意念：积极心理资本的中介效应

Stressful Life Events and Suicidal Ideation: The Mediating Effect of Positive Psychological Capital

摘要: 目的：探讨生活事件与大学生自杀意念的关系，并检验积极心理资本的中介效应。方法：采用整群抽样，对某高校267名大学生施测积极心理资本量表、青少年自评生活事件量表与Beck自杀意念量表中文版。采用PROCESS (Model 4)进行Bootstrap (5000次)中介检验。结果：生活事件指数与自杀意念呈显著正相关，与积极心理资本呈显著负相关；积极心理资本与自杀意念呈显著负相关。中介分析显示，生活事件指数显著负向预测积极心理资本，积极心理资本显著负向预测自杀意念；间接效应显著，在本研究模型设定与控制变量的条件下，纳入中介后直接效应未达到显著水平。结论：积极心理资本在生活事件与大学生自杀意念之间发挥中介作用，提示高校心理健康工作应在压力筛查的基础上加强积极心理资本的评估与培养。

Abstract: Objective: To examine the relationship between stressful life events and suicidal ideation among college students and to test the mediating effect of positive psychological capital. Methods: Using a cluster sampling method, 267 college students from a university completed the Positive Psychological Capital Questionnaire, the Adolescent Self-Rating Life Events Checklist, and the Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation—Chinese Version. Mediation analysis was conducted using the PROCESS macro (Model 4) with 5000 Bootstrap samples. Results: Stressful life events were positively correlated with suicidal ideation and negatively correlated with positive psychological capital. Positive psychological capital was negatively correlated with suicidal ideation. Mediation analyses showed that stressful life events significantly and negatively predicted positive psychological capital, which in turn significantly and negatively predicted suicidal ideation. The indirect effect was significant, whereas under the current model specification and covariate adjustment, the direct effect of stressful life events on suicidal ideation became nonsignificant after the mediator was included. Conclusion: Positive psychological capital mediates the association between stressful life events and suicidal ideation among college students. These findings suggest that college mental health initiatives should focus not only on stress screening but also on strengthening the assessment and cultivation of positive psychological capital.