基于多重中介模型的老年住院患者抑郁症状的心理社会机制研究

A Study on the Psychosocial Mechanisms of Depressive Symptoms in Elderly Hospitalized Patients Based on the Multiple Mediation Model

摘要: 我国已进入重度老龄化社会，老年人群抑郁等心理健康问题亟待关注。本研究采用横断面设计，对395名老年住院患者进行问卷调查，通过构建多重中介模型，分析焦虑症状、心理弹性、社会支持、生活满意度及自我健康对抑郁症状的影响机制。结果发现：焦虑症状、心理弹性、社会支持和生活满意度对抑郁症状具有独立预测作用；焦虑症状在各心理社会因素与抑郁症状关系中起核心中介作用；自我健康对抑郁症状的影响完全通过其他心理社会变量间接实现。本研究从多重中介视角揭示了老年住院患者抑郁症状的心理社会机制，为后续构建更有效的综合防治策略及提升老年群体的心理健康水平提供了理论与实践依据。

Abstract: China has entered a phase of severe population aging, making mental health issues such as depression among older adults an urgent concern. This study employed a cross-sectional design and conducted questionnaire surveys with 395 elderly inpatients. By constructing multiple mediation models, it analyzed the mechanisms through which anxiety symptoms, psychological resilience, social support, life satisfaction, and self-rated health influence depressive symptoms. The results indicate that anxiety symptoms, psychological resilience, social support, and life satisfaction have independent predictive effects on depressive symptoms; anxiety symptoms play a central mediating role in the relationships between various psychosocial factors and depressive symptoms; and the impact of self-rated health on depressive symptoms is fully mediated indirectly through other psychosocial variables. From a multiple mediation perspective, this study reveals the psychosocial mechanisms underlying depressive symptoms in elderly inpatients, providing both theoretical insights and practical foundations for developing more effective, comprehensive prevention and intervention strategies and for enhancing the mental health of the older population.