地方认同和组织认同对乡镇青年公务员工作适应性的影响——基于心理资本的中介效应

The Impact of Local Identity and Organizational Identity on Work Adaptability of Young Civil Servants in Rural Townships—A Mediation Analysis Based on Psychological Capital

摘要: 在乡土社会独特的情境约束下，乡镇青年公务员“融入难”“适应慢”等水土不服问题凸显。作为政策执行“最后一公里”的关键力量，青年干部的工作适应状况直接关系到乡村治理效能，亟需通过增强其对地方和组织的心理归属感，从根源上破解适应困境。本文基于对450名乡镇青年公务员的问卷调查，从地方认同与组织认同双重视角出发，构建心理资本中介模型，分析其对工作适应性的影响。研究发现：地方认同与组织认同均显著正向影响工作适应性；心理资本在两者关系中起部分中介作用，间接效应占比超60%，表明增强青年公务员对地方与组织的情感归属，有助于提升其心理资本与工作适应能力。多群组分析进一步显示，地方认同对工作适应性的正向影响在本地生源公务员中显著，而在外地生源中不显著，表明地方认同的作用路径存在生源组间差异。据此提出强化地方融入、优化组织支持等建议，以破解基层青年干部“适应慢”困境。

Abstract: Under the unique situational constraints of rural society, problems such as the difficulty for young township civil servants to integrate and their slow adaptation to the local environment have become prominent. As a key force in the “last mile” of policy implementation, the work adaptation status of young cadres is directly related to the effectiveness of rural governance. It is urgent to fundamentally address the adaptation dilemma by enhancing their psychological sense of belonging to the local area and the organization. Based on a questionnaire survey of 450 young township civil servants, this paper constructs a mediating model of psychological capital from the dual perspectives of local identity and organizational identity, and analyzes its impact on work adaptability. The research findings indicate that both local identity and organizational identity have a significant positive impact on work adaptability; psychological capital plays a partial mediating role in the relationship between the two, with the indirect effect accounting for over 60%. This shows that enhancing the emotional belonging of young civil servants to the local area and the organization helps to improve their psychological capital and work adaptability. Further analysis of multiple groups shows that the positive effect of local identity on job adaptability is significant among local civil servants, but not among non-local civil servants, which indicates that the effect path of local identity is different among different groups. Accordingly, suggestions such as strengthening local integration and optimizing organizational support are put forward to address the dilemma of the “slow adaptation” of young grass-roots cadres.