中医药治疗高尿酸血症的 研究进展

Research Progress in Traditional Chinese Medicine for Hyperuricemia

摘要: 高尿酸血症作为目前常见的一种代谢性疾病，与多种疾病的发生密切相关。在中医文献中，并未记载高尿酸血症这一病名，历代医家将其归为“痛风”、“历节”、“痹证”等范畴，现代医家则认为属于“骨痹”、“顽痹”等范畴。西药治疗高尿酸血症的手段相对单一，且具有较大的毒副作用；相比之下，中医治疗注重整体观念和辨证论治，中药的作用靶点更加广泛，这种单味药即可发挥多重治疗作用的特点在高尿酸血症的临床治疗中展现出独特的优势。本文在中医理论框架的基础上，系统梳理高尿酸血症的病因病机，总结辨证论治规律及特色疗法，整合多种研究成果，旨在为临床诊疗及研究提供理论参考。

Abstract: As a prevalent metabolic disease in contemporary society, hyperuricemia (HUA) is closely correlated with the onset of various pathological conditions. In traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) literature, there is no explicit mention of the term “hyperuricemia.” Historically, physicians of successive dynasties categorized it under syndromes such as “gout”, “joint-running wind”, and “bi syndrome”. Modern TCM practitioners further classify it within the scope of “bone bi” and “obstinate arthralgia”. Western medical interventions for HUA are relatively limited in approach and often accompanied by significant toxic side effects. In contrast, TCM treatment emphasizes the holistic concept and syndrome differentiation and treatment (a core principle of tailoring therapy to individual patient patterns). Chinese medicines exhibit broader therapeutic targets, and their characteristic of exerting multiple therapeutic effects through single herbs demonstrates unique advantages in the clinical management of HUA. Based on the theoretical framework of TCM, this paper systematically reviews the etiology and pathogenesis of HUA, summarizes the principles of syndrome differentiation and treatment as well as characteristic therapies, and integrates findings from diverse studies. The aim is to provide a theoretical reference for clinical diagnosis, treatment, and future research.