重庆市永川区某中学流感聚集性事件调查分析与防控策略研究

Investigation and Analysis of Epidemiology on the Influenza Epidemic in a School of Yongchuan District of Chongqing and Study on Prevention and Control Strategy

摘要: 目的：分析永川区某中学一起流行性感冒聚集性事件的流行病学资料，探索针对性防控干预措施。方法：收集2023年3月1日至4月7日永川区某中学流感聚集性事件资料，采用描述流行病学方法分析疫情分布特征。结果：累计报告病例247例，总罹患率为4.07% (247/6072)。不同年级罹患率差异有统计学意义(χ² = 117.955, P < 0.05)；不同楼层罹患率差异有统计学意义(χ² = 82.955, P < 0.05)；男生和女生罹患率分别为5.12%和3.39%，差异有统计学意义(χ² = 10.534, P < 0.05)。采集14份流感样病例咽拭子标本，其中H3N2流感病毒核酸阳性9份，阳性率为60.00%。结论：该次事件是一起由H3N2流感病毒引起的聚集性事件，由病例发现和隔离治疗不及时、学生和教职员工未接种流感疫苗等引起。应加强部门协作，落实传染病防控措施，及时发现和管理传染源，切断传播途径，接种流感疫苗等措施，减少学校流感聚集性事件的发生。

Abstract: Objective: To analyze the epidemiology on the influenza epidemic in a school of Yongchuan District of Chongqing, and to explore targeted prevention and control interventions. Methods: Data of influenza epidemic in a middle school in Yongchuan District from March 1 to April 7, 2023 were collected, and descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the distribution characteristics of the epidemic. Results: A total of 247 cases were reported, and the overall incidence rate was 4.07% (247/6072). There was significant difference in the incidence rate among different grades (χ² = 117.955, P < 0.05), Different floors (χ² = 82.955, P < 0.05), different genders (χ² = 10.534, P < 0.05). 14 samples of throat swabs from influenza-like cases were collected, of which 9 were positive for H3N2 influenza virus nucleic acid (positive rate was 60.00%). Conclusion: The incident is an epidemic breaking out induced by H3N2 subtype influenza virus. The cases fail to be timely found and quarantined, and failure to get the flu vaccine was the cause of the outbreak. Departments should strengthen cooperation, implement infectious disease prevention and control measures, timely detection and management of infectious sources, cut off transmission routes, vaccination and other measures to prevent the occurrence and spread of influenza in schools.