应用数字孪生技术实现流量在线监测探讨

Discussion on the Application of Digital Twin Technology for Online Flow Monitoring

摘要: 2021年水利部将“数字孪生流域”作为智慧水利建设核心抓手，水利行业各部门应用数字孪生技术搭建平台，发展数字赋能。本文尝试运用数字孪生技术解决受水利工程影响复杂河段流量在线监测难题。以黄家港水文站为例，在汉江中游丹江口水库下游王家营–沈湾河段，通过采集完整的水上水下三维数据和全息地形资料，构建特定河段蓄水量模型，依据水位数据测算时段蓄水变化量并折算为平均时段流量，实现流量在线监测。结果表明：该站逐时流量过程可以实现实时流量在线，推算月径流量与水位流量关系曲线法推算成果最大误差±15%，统计时段误差±2%，运用河段槽蓄量变化推算流量满足水资源管理，特别是在流域管理的省界监测设施配备不足、受水利工程影响河段有推广价值。

Abstract: In 2021, the Ministry of Water Resources of China took “Digital Twin River Basin” as the core approach for the construction of smart water conservancy. Various departments in the water conservancy industry have applied this technology to build digital twin platforms for water conservancy and promote digital empowerment. This paper attempts to use digital twin technology to solve the problem of online monitoring of flow in complex river sections affected by water conservancy projects. Taking the Huangjiagang Hydrological Station as an example, in the Wangjiaying - Shenwan section downstream of the Danjiangkou Reservoir in the middle reaches of the Han River, by collecting complete three-dimensional data above and below water surface and holographic terrain information, a specific river section water storage model was constructed. Based on water level data, the water storage change during the period was calculated and converted into the average flow during the period, achieving online flow monitoring. The results show that the hourly flow process of this station can be monitored online in real time. The maximum error between the calculated monthly runoff and the results obtained by the water level-flow relationship curve method is ±15%, and the error for the statistical period is ±2%. The application of river section storage change to calculate flow meets the requirements of water resources management, especially in the monitoring of provincial boundaries where monitoring facilities are insufficient and in river sections affected by water conservancy projects, which has great application value.