抑郁症患者与健康人群在人格特质、应对方式及负性自动思维上的差异研究
A Study on the Differences in Personality Traits, Coping Styles and Negative Automatic Thoughts between Depressive Patients and Healthy Individuals
摘要: 目的：探讨抑郁症患者与健康人群在人格特质、应对方式及负性自动思维方面的差异，并检验负性自动思维在人格特质与应对方式之间的中介作用。方法：采用艾森克人格问卷简式量表(EPQ-RSC)、简易应对方式问卷(SCSQ)及自动思维问卷(ATQ)对抑郁症组(P组，n = 229)和健康对照组(C组，n = 149)进行测量，运用描述性统计、相关分析及中介效应检验进行数据分析。结果：P组在神经质、消极应对和自动思维得分上显著高于C组，在外倾性、积极应对得分上显著低于C组(均p < 0.001)。两组均呈现自动思维与神经质、消极应对正相关的趋势，但P组变量间关联强度普遍高于C组。中介分析显示，自动思维在神经质与消极应对之间的中介效应在两组均显著，中介比例分别为31.6% (P组)和20.8% (C组)；在外倾性与积极应对之间的中介效应亦显著(P组27.1%，C组21.9%)；在精神质与消极应对之间的中介效应仅C组显著(75.4%)。结论：抑郁症患者表现出特定的人格特质、应对方式及负性自动思维模式，负性自动思维可能在人格特质与应对方式之间发挥部分中介作用。
Abstract: Objective: To explore the differences in personality traits, coping styles and negative automatic thoughts between depressive patients and healthy individuals, and to examine the mediating role of negative automatic thoughts between personality traits and coping styles. Methods: The Eysenck Personality Questionnaire-Revised Short Scale (EPQ-RSC), Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire (SCSQ) and Automatic Thoughts Questionnaire (ATQ) were used to measure 229 depressive patients (Group P) and 149 healthy controls (Group C). Descriptive statistics, correlation analysis and mediation effect tests were used for data analysis. Results: Group P scored significantly higher than Group C on neuroticism, negative coping and automatic thoughts, and significantly lower than Group C on extraversion and positive coping (all p < 0.001). Both groups showed a positive correlation between automatic thoughts and neuroticism/negative coping, but the association strength among variables was generally higher in Group P than in Group C. Mediation analysis showed that the mediating effect of automatic thoughts between neuroticism and negative coping was significant in both groups, with mediating proportions of 31.6% (Group P) and 20.8% (Group C), respectively. The mediating effect between extraversion and positive coping was also significant (Group P 27.1%, Group C 21.9%). The mediating effect between psychoticism and negative coping was only significant in Group C (75.4%). Conclusions: Depressive patients exhibit specific patterns of personality traits, coping styles and negative automatic thoughts. Negative automatic thoughts may play a partial mediating role between personality traits and coping styles.
文章引用：陈松焘 (2026). 抑郁症患者与健康人群在人格特质、应对方式及负性自动思维上的差异研究. 心理学进展, 16(3), 229-239. https://doi.org/10.12677/ap.2026.163137

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