数字资本无序扩张的批判下中国老龄化的治理逻辑与实践路径

The Governance Logic and Practical Path of China’s Aging Population under the Criticism of the Disorderly Expansion of Digital Capital

摘要: 数字资本主义的兴起重构了当代社会的生产方式、资源配置模式与社会关系形态，也使中国人口老龄化呈现出数字交织、数字分层、赋能与排斥并存的新特征，传统老龄化治理体系面临适配性挑战。马克思主义对数字资本无序扩张的批判理论以经典资本批判为基底，围绕数字剩余价值、数字异化、劳动力再生产等核心问题展开，为剖析数字时代老龄化的新矛盾提供了科学的理论视角与分析方法。本文以马克思主义对数字资本无序扩张的批判理论为指导，梳理数字资本主义语境下中国老龄化的新特征与核心现实矛盾，从价值、辩证、实践、分配四个维度提炼老龄化治理的核心逻辑，并结合中国国情提出兼具批判性与建构性的实践路径，旨在推动数字经济与老龄化治理的深度融合，破解数字时代老年群体的发展困境，实现老年人口的自由全面发展，为中国积极应对人口老龄化提供理论参考与实践遵循。

Abstract: The rise of digital capitalism has restructured the production methods, resource allocation models and social relations forms of contemporary society. It has also made China’s aging population present new characteristics of digital interweaving, digital stratification, and coexistence of empowerment and exclusion. The traditional aging governance system is facing adaptation challenges. Marxist critical theory on the unregulated expansion of digital capital, focuses on core issues such as digital surplus value, digital alienation, and labor force reproduction, providing a scientific theoretical perspective and analytical method for dissecting the new contradictions of aging in the digital age. Guided by the critical theory of Marxist digital capitalism, this article sorts out the new characteristics and core practical contradictions of China’s aging population in the context of digital capitalism, distills the core logic of aging governance from four dimensions: value, dialectics, practice, and distribution, and proposes a practical path that is both critical and constructive in combination with China’s national conditions. It aims to promote the deep integration of the digital economy and the governance of an aging population, solve the development predicament of the elderly in the digital age, achieve the free and all-round development of the elderly population, and provide theoretical references and practical guidance for China to actively respond to population aging.