老龄化背景下基层社会治理现代化的实践困境与破解路径研究

Research on the Practical Challenges and Solutions for Modernizing Grassroots Social Governance in the Context of Aging

摘要: 人口老龄化已成为21世纪中国社会发展的基本国情。基层作为老龄社会治理的“最后一公里”，其治理现代化水平直接影响老年人福祉与社会和谐稳定。本文基于老龄化社会治理的理论框架，结合我国基层治理实践，系统分析老龄化背景下基层社会治理在认知偏差、主体协同不足、制度供给滞后、资源配置失衡、技术赋能不足等方面面临的现实困境。通过借鉴国内外先进治理经验，从认知更新、主体重构、制度完善、资源整合与技术赋能五个维度，提出相应的破解路径，以期为推进基层老龄治理现代化、构建老年友好型社会提供理论参考与实践指引。

Abstract: Population aging has become a fundamental national condition for social development in 21st-century China. As the “last mile” of governance in an aging society, grassroots-level governance modernization directly affects the welfare of the elderly and social harmony and stability. Based on the theoretical framework of aging society governance and combined with the practice of grassroots governance in China, this paper systematically analyzes the real challenges faced by grassroots social governance in the context of aging, including cognitive biases, insufficient coordination among stakeholders, lagging institutional support, imbalanced resource allocation, and inadequate technological empowerment. By drawing on advanced governance experiences from both domestic and international contexts, it proposes corresponding solutions from five dimensions: cognitive renewal, stakeholder restructuring, institutional improvement, resource integration, and technological empowerment, aiming to provide theoretical reference and practical guidance for promoting the modernization of grassroots elderly governance and building an elderly-friendly society.