国际影子教师角色研究动态及本土化启示

Research Trends on the Role of International Shadow Teachers and Implications for Localization

摘要: 影子教师作为支持普通学校教学实施与特殊教育需要学生发展的关键人力资源，在全球融合教育普及进程中发挥着不可替代的作用。我国影子教师数量连年增长，但相关研究存在数量偏少、层次较浅的问题。研究系统梳理了近年来国际影子教师角色的研究文献，深入剖析其角色特点与制约因素，发现国际影子教师呈现准入门槛低，角色具有多样性、双重性与模糊性等特征，且存在培训不足、与教师合作不畅等突出问题。结合我国影子教师发展现状，从政策保障、学校统筹、主体赋能三个维度提出针对性建议，以期为我国影子教师的理论完善与实践发展提供借鉴，助力融合教育高质量发展。

Abstract: Shadow teachers serve as a critical human resource in supporting the implementation of instruction in general education classrooms and the development of students with special educational needs, playing an irreplaceable role in the global proliferation of inclusive education. In China, the number of shadow teachers has been increasing year by year, yet related research remains limited in both quantity and depth. This study systematically reviews recent international literature on the role of shadow teachers, analyzing their role characteristics and constraining factors. It finds that internationally, shadow teachers often face low entry barriers, exhibit role diversity, duality, and ambiguity, and encounter prominent issues such as insufficient training and poor collaboration with classroom teachers. Considering the current state of shadow teacher development in China, this study offers targeted recommendations from three dimensions: policy support, school-level coordination, and empowerment of the practitioners themselves. The aim is to provide insights for the theoretical refinement and practical advancement of shadow teachers in China, thereby contributing to the high-quality development of inclusive education.