亲子依恋对儿童青少年外化问题的影响——一项三水平元分析
The Influence of Parent-Child Attachment on Externalizing Problems in Children and Adolescents—A Three-Level Meta-Analysis
DOI: 10.12677/ap.2026.163140, PDF,   
作者: 冯云飞：西南大学心理学部，重庆
关键词: 依恋；青少年；外化问题；Attachment； Adolescents； Externalizing Problems
摘要: 目的：本研究通过元分析方法探讨亲子依恋与儿童青少年外化问题的关系，重点比较父子依恋与母子依恋的影响差异，并考察文化背景、性别占比、年龄及依恋对象的调节作用。方法：基于42篇符合条件的文献，共计46个独立样本和62,436名参与者，采用三水平元分析分析了亲子依恋与外化问题的相关性。结果：1) 父子依恋、母子依恋均与外化问题呈显著负相关；2) 母子依恋与外化问题的关联强度显著高于父子依恋；3) 文化背景、依恋对象为显著调节变量，东方文化下二者关联强于西方，性别占比仅显著调节母子依恋与外化问题的关系，年龄无显著调节作用。研究结果为理解亲子依恋的保护作用提供理论支持，为外化问题干预实践提供参考。
Abstract: Purpose: This study employed a Meta-analytic approach to examine the relationship between parent-child attachment and externalizing problems in children and adolescents, with a focus on comparing the differential effects of father-child and mother-child attachment. It also aimed to investigate the moderating roles of cultural background, gender ratio, age, and attachment figure. Methods: Based on 42 eligible studies encompassing 46 independent samples and 62,436 participants, a three-level Meta-analysis was conducted to analyze the correlation between parent-child attachment and externalizing problems. Results: 1) Both father-child attachment and mother-child attachment showed significant negative correlations with externalizing problems. 2) The strength of the association between mother-child attachment and externalizing problems was significantly greater than that for father-child attachment. 3) Cultural background and attachment figure were significant moderators: the negative association was stronger in Eastern cultures than in Western cultures. Gender ratio significantly moderated only the relationship between mother-child attachment and externalizing problems, while age had no significant moderating effect. The findings provide theoretical support for understanding the protective role of parent-child attachment and offer references for intervention practices targeting externalizing problems.
文章引用：冯云飞 (2026). 亲子依恋对儿童青少年外化问题的影响——一项三水平元分析. 心理学进展, 16(3), 257-271. https://doi.org/10.12677/ap.2026.163140

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