荣誉文化研究的转向——从负性后果到积极心理功能

A Shift in Honor Culture Research—From Negative Consequences to Positive Psychological Functions

摘要: 荣誉(Honor)文化是文化心理学中用于理解自我价值来源、社会评价机制及行为规范的重要理论视角。既有研究多聚焦于荣誉受损情境下的负性后果，如攻击性行为、报复反应及群际冲突，而相对忽视了荣誉获得、荣誉认同及其潜在的积极心理功能。基于此，本文系统梳理了荣誉文化研究的理论源流与结构模型，回顾了荣誉文化在不同社会生态中的典型表现，并结合中国历史与现实语境，分析了荣誉文化在本土社会中的文化根基及其与面子文化的异同。在此基础上，本文进一步指出，将研究视角从“荣誉受损”转向“荣誉认同与荣誉获得”，有助于揭示荣誉在促进道德自我、增强社会信任以及缓冲社会变迁压力等方面的积极作用。最后，本文结合社会流动与文化变迁背景，对荣誉文化研究的未来方向进行了展望，强调从文化适应与心理保护功能角度深化荣誉文化研究的理论与实践意义。

Abstract: Honor culture is an important theoretical framework in cultural psychology for understanding sources of self-worth, mechanisms of social evaluation, and behavioral regulation. Existing research has predominantly focused on the negative consequences of honor loss, such as aggression, retaliation, and intergroup conflict, while relatively little attention has been paid to honor acquisition, honor identification, and their potential positive psychological functions. Based on this, this review systematically examines the theoretical origins and structural models of honor culture, summarizes its manifestations across different socio-ecological contexts, and discusses the historical foundations and contemporary relevance of honor culture in the Chinese context, particularly in comparison with face culture. Building on this review, the article argues for a conceptual shift from an exclusive focus on “honor loss” to a broader consideration of “honor identification and honor acquisition”, highlighting their potential positive roles in fostering moral self-concept, enhancing social trust, and buffering the pressures of social change. Finally, against the backdrop of social mobility and cultural transformation, future directions for honor culture research are proposed, emphasizing the theoretical and practical significance of deepening this field from the perspectives of cultural adaptation and psychological protection functions.