社交焦虑对跨模态情绪信息加工的影响

The Impact of Social Anxiety on Cross-Modal Emotional Processing

摘要: 跨模态情绪信息的准确识别是社会交往的重要基础。既有研究表明，社交焦虑个体在情绪识别与判断中可能存在偏差，但其跨模态情绪加工特征仍有待进一步探讨。本研究筛选高、低社交焦虑大学生，考察其在视觉、听觉及视听情绪信息加工中的表现。结果显示，无论在正确率还是反应时指标上，视听一致条件均显著优于单视觉、单听觉及视听不一致条件，呈现典型的双通道加工优势；视听不一致条件正确率最低、反应时最长，表现出显著的跨模态冲突效应。进一步分析发现，在愤怒情绪条件下，高、低社交焦虑组均表现出双通道优势，其中高社交焦虑组的整合效应更为突出；在中性情绪条件下，两组均出现跨模态不一致效应，但低社交焦虑组的不一致干扰更为明显。研究结果揭示了社交焦虑水平对跨模态情绪加工的调节作用，为理解社交焦虑相关的情绪感知偏差提供了行为学证据。

Abstract: Accurate recognition of cross-modal emotional information is a fundamental prerequisite for successful social interaction. Previous studies have suggested that individuals with social anxiety may exhibit biases in emotion recognition and judgment; however, their characteristics of cross-modal emotional processing remain insufficiently understood. The present study recruited university students with high and low levels of social anxiety to examine their performance in processing visual, auditory, and audiovisual emotional information. The results showed that, in terms of both accuracy and reaction time in emotion recognition, the audiovisual congruent condition significantly outperformed the unimodal visual, unimodal auditory, and audiovisual incongruent conditions, demonstrating a typical dual-channel processing advantage. In contrast, the audiovisual incongruent condition yielded the lowest accuracy and the longest reaction times, indicating a robust cross-modal conflict effect. Further analyses revealed that under angry emotion conditions, both high and low social anxiety groups exhibited a dual-channel advantage, with a more pronounced integration effect observed in the high social anxiety group. Under neutral emotion conditions, both groups showed significant cross-modal incongruency effects; however, the interference caused by incongruent information was more pronounced in the low social anxiety group. These findings indicate that social anxiety level modulates cross-modal emotional processing and provide behavioral evidence for understanding emotion perception biases associated with social anxiety.