骨质疏松性胸腰椎压缩性骨折的治疗研究进展
Research Progress in the Treatment of Osteoporotic Thoracolumbar Compression Fractures
摘要: 该综述系统阐述了骨质疏松性胸腰椎压缩性骨折(OVCF)的治疗进展。治疗分为保守与手术两大类。保守治疗以系统性抗骨质疏松为基础，包括基础补充(钙剂、维生素D)、药物干预(双膦酸盐、地舒单抗、降钙素等)、疼痛管理、支具固定及康复训练，强调早期、联合与长期规范治疗。手术治疗主要针对保守无效或伴有严重畸形、神经受损的患者，以微创椎体成形术(PVP/PKP)及其改良术式为主，具有快速缓解疼痛、恢复椎体高度、减少卧床时间等优点；少数复杂病例需行开放手术。加强骨质疏松的早期防治与规律监测，并优化手术策略可降低术后再骨折风险。
Abstract: This review systematically elucidates the advances in the treatment of osteoporotic thoracolumbar vertebral compression fractures (OVCF). Treatment is divided into two major categories: conservative and surgical. Conservative treatment is based on systematic anti-osteoporosis management, encompassing foundational supplementation (calcium, vitamin D), pharmacological intervention (bisphosphonates, denosumab, calcitonin, etc.), pain management, orthotic bracing, and rehabilitation training, emphasizing the principles of early, combined, long-term, and standardized therapy. Surgical treatment is primarily indicated for patients who are unresponsive to conservative measures or present with severe deformity and neurological impairment. Minimally invasive vertebroplasty (PVP/PKP) and its modified techniques serve as the mainstay, offering advantages such as rapid pain relief, restoration of vertebral height, and reduced bed rest time. A minority of complex cases require open surgery. Strengthening early prevention, regular monitoring of osteoporosis, and optimizing surgical strategies can mitigate the risk of postoperative recurrent fractures.
文章引用：安昆, 钱致衡, 呼星谷, 李红富, 吴佳铭, 向家乾, 刘俊飞, 赵刚. 骨质疏松性胸腰椎压缩性骨折的治疗研究进展[J]. 临床医学进展, 2026, 16(3): 2052-2061. https://doi.org/10.12677/acm.2026.163994

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