马克思主义视角下老龄化对经济社会发展影响研究

Research on the Impact of Aging on Economic and Social Development from a Marxist Perspective

摘要: 人口老龄化已成为影响经济社会发展的重要结构性因素，本文以马克思主义社会再生产理论为核心分析框架，立足物质资料再生产与劳动力再生产有机统一的理论要义，从生产、分配、交换、消费四大社会再生产关键环节入手，系统阐释人口老龄化如何通过影响劳动力供给结构、社会保障分配体系、养老消费与市场交换等维度，对经济社会发展产生的传导机制与具体影响。研究致力于揭示人口老龄化与经济社会发展之间的内在联系与作用机制，同时为新时代应对人口老龄化挑战、推动经济社会高质量协调发展提供马克思主义理论支撑与实践思路。

Abstract: Population aging has emerged as a significant structural factor influencing economic and social development. This paper employs Marxist theory of social reproduction as its core analytical framework, grounded in the theoretical essence of the organic unity between the reproduction of material goods and the reproduction of the labor force. Starting from the four key links of social reproduction—production, distribution, exchange, and consumption—it systematically elucidates the transmission mechanisms and specific impacts of population aging on economic and social development through its influence on dimensions such as the labor supply structure, the social security distribution system, elderly care consumption, and market exchange. The research is dedicated to uncovering the intrinsic connections and operational mechanisms between population aging and economic and social development, while simultaneously providing Marxist theoretical underpinnings and practical approaches for addressing the challenges of population aging in the new era and promoting high-quality, coordinated economic and social development.