代际融合视角下南京社区公园适老化设计策略研究

Research on Aging-Adapted Design Strategies for Community Parks in Nanjing from the Perspective of Intergenerational Integration

摘要: 在人口老龄化加深与社区生活圈建设背景下，社区公园已成为老年人高频使用的重要公共空间，但现有适老化设计多聚焦安全与无障碍，忽视代际互动，易导致物理共在与社会隔离。基于代际融合视角，选取南京市三类典型社区公园为研究对象，采用行为注记与问卷调查相结合的混合研究方法，分析空间形态、适老化设施及智慧化设施对老年人使用行为与代际融合感知的影响机制。研究发现，老年人公园使用具有高频、长时特征，但代际互动多停留在被动看护层面；功能隔离式布局虽提升安全感，却抑制了代际交往，互动内容不足是制约融合的关键因素。智慧化设施的促进作用具有条件性，操作复杂的设施效果有限，而低门槛、非屏幕化的互动设施更有助于激发跨代互动意愿。基于此，提出以边缘融合、去技能化、弹性包容为导向的社区公园适老化设计策略。

Abstract: Against the backdrop of deepening population aging and the development of community life circles, community parks have become important public spaces frequently used by older adults. However, existing aging-adapted designs often focus solely on safety and accessibility, neglecting intergenerational interaction, which can lead to physical co-presence but social isolation. From the perspective of intergenerational integration, this study selects three typical types of community parks in Nanjing as research objects and employs a mixed-methods approach combining behavioral mapping and questionnaire surveys. It analyzes the mechanisms through which spatial form, aging-adapted facilities, and smart facilities influence the usage behaviors of older adults and their perception of intergenerational integration. The findings reveal that while park usage by older adults is characterized by high frequency and long duration, intergenerational interactions remain largely at the level of passive caregiving. Functional-segregated layouts, although enhancing a sense of security, inhibit intergenerational communication, with insufficient interactive content being a key factor constraining integration. The promoting effect of smart facilities is conditional; facilities with complex operations have limited effectiveness, whereas low-threshold, non-screen-based interactive facilities are more conducive to stimulating willingness for cross-generational interaction. Based on these findings, this study proposes aging-adapted design strategies for community parks oriented towards edge fusion, deskilling, and flexible inclusivity.