免疫治疗对胃癌根治术后病人疗效的研究进展

Research Progress on the Efficacy of Immunotherapy in Patients after Radical Resection of Gastric Cancer

摘要: 胃癌是最常见的恶性肿瘤之一，早期症状不显著，多数发现时，已处于进展期，对于此类患者，单纯手术通常难以治愈，多采取以手术为主、放化疗为辅的综合治疗方案。近年来，随着免疫检查点抑制剂(immune checkpoint inhibitor, ICIs)等免疫治疗药物的迅速发展，晚期胃癌患者的预后得到了明显改善。目前在晚期胃癌的治疗中，免疫治疗联合化疗已成为首选方案，其在围手术期的作用也已被证明，现如今，免疫治疗在胃癌术后患者的疗效成为了目前研究的焦点。其是否可用？是否更适用于普遍患者？是否可以为患者带来更长久的总生存期(overall survival, OS)？在治疗过程中是否更加安全？这些问题值得重点关注。现将免疫治疗对胃癌根治术后病人疗效的研究进展综述如下。

Abstract: Gastric cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors. Its early symptoms are insidious, and most cases are diagnosed at an advanced stage. For such patients, surgical resection alone is often insufficient to achieve a cure, and a comprehensive treatment strategy dominated by surgery combined with radiotherapy and chemotherapy is generally adopted. In recent years, with the rapid development of immunotherapeutic agents such as immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), the prognosis of patients with advanced gastric cancer has been significantly improved. At present, immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy has become the first-line regimen for the treatment of advanced gastric cancer, and its role in the perioperative period has also been verified. Currently, the efficacy of immunotherapy in patients with postoperative gastric cancer has become the focus of current research. Key questions worthy of intensive investigation include: whether it is applicable, whether it is suitable for a broader patient population, whether it can confer prolonged overall survival (OS), and whether it exhibits a favorable safety profile during treatment. This paper reviews the research progress on the efficacy of immunotherapy in patients after radical resection of gastric cancer.