刺血疗法治疗慢性荨麻疹的临床研究进展
Clinical Research Progress of Blood Prick Therapy in the Treatment of Chronic Urticaria
DOI: 10.12677/acm.2026.1631034, PDF,   
作者: 梁万里：青海大学医学院中医部，青海 西宁；青海省中医院针灸科，青海 西宁；洒玉萍*：青海大学医学院中医部，青海 西宁
关键词: 慢性荨麻疹；分类；针灸；治疗；Chronic Urticaria； Classification； Acupuncture and Moxibustion； Treatment
摘要: 慢性荨麻疹(Chronic Urticaria, CU)是一种常见的皮肤病，它以反复出现的瘙痒性风团为特征，中医上称为隐疹，俗称风疹块。其发病机制复杂，涉及自身免疫、炎症介质释放等多重因素。第二代H1抗组胺药是当前的一线标准治疗，但对部分患者疗效有限，副作用也不能忽视，且停药后易复发。中医药与针灸作为重要的补充疗法，强调整体辨证论治，在缓解症状、减少复发和改善患者生活质量方面显示出独特潜力，且安全性较好，疗效确切，可起到长期缓解作用，符合治病必求于本的原则。本文综述了慢性荨麻疹的分类、发病机制、临床表现，并重点探讨了刺血疗法的研究进展，为临床提供了除药物治疗外的替代或辅助治疗思路。
Abstract: Chronic Urticaria (CU) is a common inflammatory skin disease dominated by mast cell activation. Cu is clinically characterized by recurrent wheals and/or angioedema with a course of more than 6 weeks. Its pathogenesis is complex, involving multiple factors such as autoimmunity and the release of inflammatory mediators. Second-generation H1 antihistamines are the current first-line standard treatment, but some patients have limited efficacy and are prone to relapse after drug withdrawal. As an important complementary therapy, traditional Chinese medicine and acupuncture emphasize the holistic treatment based on syndrome differentiation, and show unique potential in relieving symptoms, reducing recurrence and improving the quality of life of patients, with good safety. This article reviews the classification, pathogenesis and clinical manifestations of chronic urticaria, and focuses on the research progress of pricking blood and acupuncture therapy, providing alternative or adjuvant treatment ideas for clinical treatment in addition to drug treatment.
文章引用：梁万里, 洒玉萍. 刺血疗法治疗慢性荨麻疹的临床研究进展[J]. 临床医学进展, 2026, 16(3): 2378-2385. https://doi.org/10.12677/acm.2026.1631034

参考文献

[1] 徐菲鹏, 陈泽林. 针刺配合放血与灸法治疗荨麻疹疗效的思考[J]. 光明中医, 2015, 30(2): 332-333.
[2] Hızlı, P., Gülcen, B. and Kılıç, F.A. (2024) Acupuncture Enhances Quality of Life and Disease Control in Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria Patients on Omalizumab: A Study of 61 Cases. Medical Science Monitor, 30, e945935. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[3] Tang, Y., Cheng, S., Wang, J., Jin, Y., Yang, H., Lin, Q., et al. (2022) Acupuncture for the Treatment of Itch: Peripheral and Central Mechanisms. Frontiers in Neuroscience, 15, Article 786892. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[4] 张绍丹, 靳诗雨, 李瑞, 等. 中医治疗慢性荨麻疹的进展[J]. 皮肤病与性病, 2023, 45(1): 33-36.
[5] 王佳怡, 李捷. 慢性荨麻疹发病机制的研究进展[J]. 中南大学学报(医学版), 2023, 48(10): 1602-1610.
[6] McSweeney, S.M., Christou, E.A.A., Maurer, M., Grattan, C.E., Tziotzios, C. and McGrath, J.A. (2023) Physical Urticaria: Clinical Features, Pathogenesis, Diagnostic Work-Up, and Management. Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, 89, 324-337. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[7] Lee, R. and Bernstein, J.A. (2025) Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria and Chronic Inducible Urticaria. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 156, 546-556. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[8] 瘾疹(荨麻疹)中医治疗专家共识[J]. 中国中西医结合皮肤性病学杂志, 2017, 16(3): 274-275.
[9] Church, M.K., Kolkhir, P., Metz, M. and Maurer, M. (2018) The Role and Relevance of Mast Cells in Urticaria. Immunological Reviews, 282, 232-247. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[10] Giménez-Arnau, A.M., de Montjoye, L., Asero, R., Cugno, M., Kulthanan, K., Yanase, Y., et al. (2021) The Pathogenesis of Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria: The Role of Infiltrating Cells. The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice, 9, 2195-2208. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[11] Tarkowski, B., Ławniczak, J., Tomaszewska, K., Kurowski, M. and Zalewska-Janowska, A. (2023) Chronic Urticaria Treatment with Omalizumab—Verification of NLR, PLR, SIRI and SII as Biomarkers and Predictors of Treatment Efficacy. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 12, Article 2639. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[12] 岳颖, 侯淑萍. 中医药治疗慢性荨麻疹药理作用和临床应用的研究进展[J]. 中草药, 2022, 53(23): 7596-7605.
[13] 思聪, 安军明. 安军明针灸治疗慢性荨麻疹临床经验[J]. 中医临床研究, 2021, 13(18): 50-52.
[14] Schettini, N., Corazza, M., Schenetti, C., Pacetti, L. and Borghi, A. (2023) Urticaria: A Narrative Overview of Differential Diagnosis. Biomedicines, 11, Article 1096. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[15] Oliver, E.T. and Saini, S.S. (2024) Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria: Etiology and Pathogenesis. Immunology and Allergy Clinics of North America, 44, 421-438. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[16] 宋志强. 慢性荨麻疹的临床分型、定义、特征及其分型的意义[J]. 皮肤病与性病, 2015, 37(1): 14-15.
[17] 邹佳华, 龚丽萍, 黄港, 等. 慢性荨麻疹中医体质类型分布的系统评价和Meta分析[J]. 江西中医药大学学报, 2023, 35(2): 53-59.
[18] 李静, 王伟, 高琴. 荨麻疹的中医药认识及论治方法进展[J]. 中医研究, 2023, 36(1): 87-92.
[19] Kumaran, M., Mustari, A. and Bishnoi, A. (2023) Biologicals in Treatment of Chronic Urticaria: A Narrative Review. Indian Dermatology Online Journal, 14, 9-20. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[20] Kolkhir, P., Fok, J.S., Kocatürk, E., Li, P.H., Okas, T., Marcelino, J., et al. (2025) Update on the Treatment of Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria. Drugs, 85, 475-486. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[21] 金芳草, 李旭阳, 董娟, 等. 急性荨麻疹患者降钙素原与糖皮质激素应用的相关分析[J]. 皮肤性病诊疗学杂志, 2021, 28(3): 194-196, 201.
[22] 李金玲, 纪伟, 曹海鹰, 等. 复方甘草酸苷联合地氯雷他定治疗慢性荨麻疹的效果[J]. 吉林医学, 2022, 43(5): 1310-1311.
[23] 李兵, 田刚, 王习姣, 等. 疏风清热方联合放血治疗风热型急性荨麻疹的临床研究[J]. 辽宁中医杂志, 2023, 50(6): 147-149.
[24] Zheng, Q., Zheng, H., Zhou, S., Shi, Y., Zhang, L., Xiao, X., et al. (2022) Efficacy of Acupuncture Treatment for Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria: Study Protocol for a Randomised Controlled Trial. BMJ Open, 12, e045027. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[25] Wei, W., Wu, Y., Zhang, S., Li, B., Cheng, Z. and Zhao, W. (2025) Clinical Efficacy and Safety of Acupuncture in the Treatment for Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Frontiers in Medicine, 12, Article 1498795. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[26] 李记泉, 刘白雪, 戴俭宇, 等. “形神共调”针法治疗慢性荨麻疹疗效观察[J]. 现代中西医结合杂志, 2022, 31(23): 3314-3317.
[27] 彭拥军, 王天赐, 郭琴, 等. 针刺结合自血疗法治疗慢性荨麻疹临床疗效观察[J]. 辽宁中医药大学学报, 2023, 25(4): 5-8.
[28] 李钰, 鄢德政, 王飞虎, 等. 针刺、刺血疗法配合药物治疗慢性自发性荨麻疹疗效观察[J]. 上海针灸杂志, 2023, 42(3): 268-273.
[29] 李洁, 丁波. 刺络放血联合消风散治疗血虚风燥型慢性荨麻疹的临床效果[J]. 中国社区医师, 2023, 39(28): 62-64.
[30] 朱霄霄. 刺络放血疗法结合荨麻汤治疗血虚风燥型慢性荨麻疹的效果分析[J]. 中国实用医药, 2025, 20(3): 144-147.
[31] 张志军. 消风散联合针刺清血抗敏方治疗慢性荨麻疹临床研究[J]. 新中医, 2024, 56(10): 47-51.
[32] 刘雯雯, 吴绿叶, 陈金云. 针刺联合自血疗法治疗慢性荨麻疹临床价值分析[J]. 内蒙古中医药, 2025, 44(3): 127-129.
[33] 景晨, 程佩, 连清. 从正气存内邪不可干角度探讨自血疗法治疗慢性荨麻疹[J]. 中国中医药现代远程教育, 2023, 21(4): 87-89.
[34] 薛维华, 李佳鑫, 杨洁, 等. 调和脾胃思想指导针罐结合治疗慢性荨麻疹的临床疗效观察[J]. 河北中医药学报, 2025, 40(3): 44-47.
[35] Ye, Y.J., Xie, Y.X., Yan, T.W., et al. (2020) [Rolling Needle Pricking-Cupping Therapy and Traditional Pricking-Cupping Therapy for Cervical Spondylosis of Neck Type: A Randomized Controlled Trial]. Chinese Acupuncture & Moxibustion, 40, 1299-1303.
[36] Shi, Y., Guo, H., Du, Y., et al. (2023) Acupuncture Combined with Pricking and Cupping Therapy Is Effective in Patients with Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria. American Journal of Translational Research, 15, 1195-1203.
[37] 胡晔, 李钰, 王钏, 等. “新八髎”针刺联合督脉刺络放血拔罐治疗慢性荨麻疹的临床研究[J]. 针灸临床杂志, 2024, 40(8): 17-21.
[38] 肖明明, 张敏, 王艳童, 等. 耳穴治疗慢性荨麻疹的研究概况[J]. 实用中医内科杂志, 2023, 37(3): 136-138.
[39] 穆艳云, 夏有兵, 程洁, 等. 我国刺血疗法研究现状及思考[J]. 南京中医药大学学报, 2011, 27(6): 594-597.
[40] 黎崖冰. 刺血疗法的现状与思考[J]. 国医论坛, 2004(4): 19-20.
[41] 杜玉茱, 刘文珊, 李宏坤, 等. 基于玄府理论对慢性自发性荨麻疹针灸治疗方案的探析[J]. 中国医药导报, 2024, 21(25): 131-134.
[42] 陈泽林, 郭义, 李桂兰. 国家标准《针灸技术操作规范第4部分: 三棱针》的若干问题探讨[J]. 中国针灸, 2009, 29(2): 151-154.
[43] 霍焕民. 针刺放血疗法治疗慢性荨麻疹疗效观察[J]. 中国针灸, 2014, 34(1): 41-43.
[44] 廖小七, 王菁. 曲池穴放血疗法治疗风热型慢性荨麻疹疗效观察[J]. 上海针灸杂志, 2016, 35(11): 1323-1325.
[45] Metz, M., Sussman, G., Gagnon, R., Staubach, P., Tanus, T., Yang, W.H., et al. (2021) Fenebrutinib in H1 Antihistamine-Refractory Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria: A Randomized Phase 2 Trial. Nature Medicine, 27, 1961-1969. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[46] Iriarte Sotés, P., Armisén, M., Usero-Bárcena, T., Rodriguez Fernández, A., Otero Rivas, M., Gonzalez, M., et al. (2021) Efficacy and Safety of Up-Dosing Antihistamines in Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria: A Systematic Review of the Literature. Journal of Investigational Allergology and Clinical Immunology, 31, 282-291. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[47] Xiao, X., Cao, W., Zou, Z., Chen, S., Yang, Q., Qin, D., et al. (2024) Minimal Clinically Important Difference for Acupuncture for Patients with Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria: Secondary Analysis from a Multicentre Randomised Controlled Trial in China. BMJ Open, 14, e085041. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]

为你推荐