高校生活垃圾分类现状与大学生环保意识调查——基于主成分分析的实证研究

Survey on the Current Status of Waste Classification in University Campuses and College Students’ Environmental Awareness—An Empirical Analysis Based on Principal Component Analysis

摘要: 我国生活垃圾分类与回收体系在部分地区仍存在设施不足、执行偏弱、成效不稳等问题。高校兼具育人阵地与示范窗口属性，其分类行为具有较强的社会引领效应。本研究以高校大学生为对象，围绕其垃圾分类与环保意识现状开展问卷调查，采取主成分分析法(PCA)并借助IBM SPSS Statistics 27.0软件完成数据处理、信效度检验、因子提取与旋转。识别出四类关键主成分，一是源头引导与末端管控失衡；二是政策不完善，管理存在空白区；三是相关知识学习少，不会分类投放；四是垃圾末端处置技术差，麻烦大于成效。在此基础上，提出面向高校的协同治理路径。

Abstract: China’s domestic waste sorting and recycling system still faces challenges, including insufficient facilities, weak implementation, and unstable outcomes in some areas. Universities, serving as both educational platforms and demonstration sites, exert a significant social influence on waste-sorting behaviors. This study surveyed university students to assess their current status regarding waste sorting and environmental awareness, employing Principal Component Analysis (PCA) with IBM SPSS Statistics 27.0 for data processing, reliability and validity testing, factor extraction, and rotation. The analysis identified four key factors: an imbalance between source guidance and terminal control; inadequate policies and management gaps; a lack of knowledge and improper sorting; and poor terminal disposal technology coupled with low perceived benefits. Based on these findings, the study proposes a collaborative governance path specifically tailored for universities.