考虑双主体公平关切的网购供应链碳减排与定价决策

Online Supply Chain Carbon Emission Reduction and Pricing Decisions Considering Fairness Concerns of Dual Subjects

摘要: 本文建立了双主体(制造商与线上零售商)公平关切下的网购供应链碳减排与定价模型，研究了双主体公平关切水平、碳减排成本系数及消费者低碳偏好系数对网购供应链最优决策(碳减排量、批发价格、零售价格、市场需求)及均衡结果(网购供应链及其成员效用、环境收益)的影响，比较了考虑与不考虑公平关切下网购供应链最优决策与均衡结果。结果表明，线上市场潜在需求、低碳偏好系数对碳减排量、网购供应链及其成员效用、环境收益均有正向影响，而碳减排成本系数呈负向影响。制造商与线上零售商的公平关切水平提升均会削弱碳减排量、制造商与网购供应链效用与环境收益，而线上零售商的公平关切水平的提升会增加线上零售商效用，且制造商公平关切水平的提升会降低线上零售商效用。制造商与线上零售商考虑公平关切时的碳减排量、制造商及网购供应链效用、环境收益均低于未考虑公平关切的情形，而考虑公平关切的线上零售商效用可能高于未考虑公平关切的情形。本文的研究为低碳制造商与线上零售商平衡经济绩效与环境收益、制定适配的减排策略与定价方案提供指导。

Abstract: This paper establishes a carbon reduction and pricing model for online shopping supply chains under dual-subject fairness concerns (manufacturers and online retailers). It examines how the level of fairness concerns held by both subjects, the carbon reduction cost coefficient, and the consumer low-carbon preference coefficient influence optimal decisions within the online shopping supply chain (carbon reduction volume, wholesale price, retail price, market demand) and equilibrium outcomes (utility of the online shopping supply chain and its members, environmental benefits). The model compares optimal decisions and equilibrium outcomes with and without incorporating fairness concerns. Findings indicate that potential online market demand and the low-carbon preference coefficient exert positive effects on carbon reduction volume, utility of the supply chain and its members, and environmental benefits, whereas the carbon reduction cost coefficient exerts a negative effect. Increased fairness concerns among both manufacturers and online retailers diminish carbon emissions reductions, manufacturer and e-commerce supply chain utility, and environmental benefits. However, heightened fairness concerns among online retailers boost their own utility, whereas increased concerns among manufacturers reduce online retailer utility. When manufacturers and online retailers consider fairness concerns, carbon reduction levels, manufacturer and e-commerce supply chain utility, and environmental benefits are lower than when fairness concerns are disregarded. Conversely, online retailers considering fairness concerns may experience higher utility than those disregarding such concerns. This research provides guidance for low-carbon manufacturers and online retailers to balance economic performance and environmental benefits, and to formulate appropriate emission reduction strategies and pricing schemes.