攻击与注意的关系——一项元分析

The Relationship between Aggression and Attention—A Meta-Analysis

摘要: 为探究攻击行为与注意偏向关系的稳定性及其调节机制，经文献检索与筛选，对23项研究(总样本量N = 6338)进行元分析。结果发现：个体对攻击性信息存在显著且稳定的注意偏向；调节效应分析表明，攻击倾向越高，注意偏向越明显；愤怒材料及直接受攻击的情境能显著增强注意偏向水平；正常高攻击者、临床患者及罪犯群体的偏向程度显著高于正常对照组；但主动性与反应性攻击在效应量上无显著差异。以上结果表明，攻击个体在认知加工早期存在敌意线索的捕获优势，且该过程受到个体特质、线索效价及即时情境的共同调节，为攻击行为的预测与干预提供了实证依据。

Abstract: To explore the stability and moderating mechanisms of the relationship between aggressive behavior and attentional bias, a Meta-analysis was conducted on 23 studies (total sample size N = 6338) through literature review and selection. The results indicated a significant and stable attentional bias toward aggressive information. Moderating effect analysis revealed that higher aggression tendencies were associated with more pronounced attentional bias. Furthermore, anger-related materials and direct provocation contexts significantly enhanced the level of attentional bias. While high-aggression individuals, clinical patients, and offenders exhibited significantly greater bias than normal controls, no significant difference was observed between proactive and reactive aggression types. These findings suggest that aggressive individuals possess a cognitive advantage in capturing hostile cues during early processing stages, a process jointly regulated by individual traits, stimulus valence, and immediate situational factors, providing an empirical basis for the prediction and intervention of aggressive behavior.