译者行为批评视域下《目瑙斋瓦》英译的求真与务实

A Study on “Truth-Seeking” and “Utility-Attaining” in the English Translation of Manau Jaiwa from the Perspective of Translator Behavior Criticism

摘要: 《目瑙斋瓦》作为景颇族创世史诗与重要非物质文化遗产，承载着该民族的历史记忆、文化基因与精神信仰，其英译是推动民族文化国际传播的重要路径。本文以译者行为批评理论为核心框架，重点剖析该史诗英译过程中的“求真”与“务实”实践及二者的辩证关系。研究表明，译者的“求真”集中体现于语言与文化层面：语言上通过音译加注、语法逻辑还原、修辞效果复现，精准传递史诗的词汇特质、句式节奏与艺术感染力。文化上通过保留核心意象、准确译介典故传说，坚守景颇族文化的本真性。“务实”则聚焦适配目标读者与传播需求：调整语序以契合英语表达习惯，显化隐含逻辑以降低理解门槛，补充注释以搭建文化认知桥梁。二者通过动态平衡，既避免过度“求真”导致的晦涩，也防止过度“务实”造成的文化稀释，为民族文学作品的英译实践提供了有益参考。

Abstract: As a creation epic and an important intangible cultural heritage of the Jingpo people, Manau Jaiwa carries the ethnic group’s historical memories, cultural genes and spiritual beliefs. Its English translation serves as a key approach to promoting the international dissemination of the ethnic culture. With the theory of Translator Behavior Criticism as the core framework, this paper focuses on analyzing the practices of “truth-seeking” and “utility-attaining” in the English translation process of the epic, as well as the dialectical relationship between the two. The study shows that the translator’s “truth-seeking” is mainly reflected at the linguistic and cultural levels. Linguistically, it accurately conveys the lexical characteristics, syntactic rhythm and artistic appeal of the epic through transliteration with annotations, restoration of grammatical logic, and reproduction of rhetorical effects. Culturally, it upholds the authenticity of Jingpo culture by preserving core images and accurately translating allusions and legends. “Utility-attaining”, on the other hand, focuses on adapting to target readers and communication needs: adjusting word order to conform to English expression habits, explicating implicit logic to lower the comprehension threshold, and supplementing annotations to build a bridge for cultural cognition. Through dynamic balance, the two not only avoid obscurity caused by excessive “truth-seeking”, but also prevent cultural dilution due to excessive “utility-attaining”, thus providing useful references for the English translation practice of ethnic literary works.