大豆脂肪含量的主基因 + 多基因混合遗传模型分析

Genetic Analysis of Oil Content in Soybean with Mixed Major Gene + Polygene Inheritance Model

摘要: 大豆是重要的油料作物和经济作物，脂肪含量是影响大豆营养价值和经济价值的关键因素。为明确大豆脂肪含量表型变异的遗传规律，本研究以大豆地方品种肥东黄大豆和灌云大四粒杂交衍生的重组自交系群体为试验材料，利用主基因 + 多基因混合遗传模型对3个环境下的脂肪含量进行遗传分析。结果表明，3个环境下的脂肪含量最优遗传模型均为3MG-CEA模型，即3对等加性主基因控制；在3个环境下的主基因遗传率分别为63.81%、50.38%和51.11%。本研究结果为大豆脂肪含量的基因定位和遗传改良提供了新的理论依据。

Abstract: Soybean is an important oil and cash crop, and oil content is a key factor determining their nutritional and economic value. To clarify the inheritance patterns governing the phenotypic variations of oil content in soybean, a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population derived from the cross between soybean landraces Feidong Huangdadou and Guanyun Dasili was constructed, and a mixed inheritance model of major gene + polygene was used to perform genetic analysis of oil content under three different environments. The results indicated that the optimal inheritance model for oil content under all three environments was the 3MG-CEA model, namely three pairs of major genes having a completely equal additive effect value. The heritabilities of the major genes under three environments were 63.81%, 50.38%, and 51.11%, respectively. This study would provide a new theoretical basis for gene mapping and genetic improvement of oil content in soybean.