乳腺癌患者淋巴水肿风险感知现状及影响因素分析

Risk Perception Status and Influencing Factors of Lymphedema in Breast Cancer Patients

摘要: 目的：探讨乳腺癌患者淋巴水肿风险感知现状与影响因素，为淋巴水肿的早期预防提供理论依据。方法：选取2024年7月~12月在山东省某市三级甲等医院就诊的312例乳腺癌术后患者作为研究对象，采用一般资料调查表、淋巴水肿风险感知量表和中文版乳腺癌患者生活质量测定量表进行调查。结果：乳腺癌患者淋巴水肿风险感知得分为(80.34 ± 20.57)分，中文版乳腺癌患者生活质量测定量表得分为(95.92 ± 18.90)分；乳腺癌患者淋巴水肿风险感知得分及各维度得分与中文版乳腺癌患者生活质量测定量表得分均呈正相关；多元线性回归分析结果表明，年龄、文化程度、家族史、病程、手术方式可能是乳腺癌患者淋巴水肿风险感知的影响因素。结论：乳腺癌患者淋巴水肿风险感知呈中等偏低水平，应采取针对性的健康风险沟通和个性化健康干预指导，改善乳腺癌患者淋巴水肿风险感知水平，进而早期预防淋巴水肿的发生。

Abstract: Objective: To explore the status quo and influencing factors of lymphedema risk perception in breast cancer patients, and to provide theoretical basis for early prevention of lymphedema. Methods: A total of 312 patients with breast cancer who received treatment in a grade-III hospital in Shandong Province from July to December 2024 were selected as the study objects. General data questionnaire, lymphedema risk perception Scale and Chinese version of breast cancer patients quality of Life scale were used to investigate. Results: The perceived risk of lymphoedema in breast cancer patients scored (80.34 ± 20.57) and the Chinese version of the Quality of Life Measurement Scale for Breast Cancer Patients scored (95.92 ± 18.90); Perceived risk of lymphoedema in breast cancer patients and the scores of each dimension are positively correlated with the scores of the Chinese version of the Quality of Life Scale for Breast Cancer Patients. The results of multiple linear regression analyses suggest that age, education, family history, disease duration, and surgical procedure may be influential factors in the perceived risk of lymphoedema in breast cancer patients. Conclusion: The risk perception of lymphedema in breast cancer patients is at a moderate level. Targeted health risk communication and personalized health intervention guidance should be adopted to improve the risk perception level of breast cancer patients, so as to prevent the occurrence of lymphedema in early stage.