稀土配合物发光特性调控及其在荧光检测中的应用

Regulation of Luminescent Properties in Rare-Earth Complexes and Their Applications in Fluorescence Detection

摘要: 稀土离子(Ln³⁺)因其独特的4f电子结构，在光谱分辨率、发光寿命及光学稳定性方面具有显著优势，成为高性能荧光探针与功能材料的重要研究体系。尽管其f-f跃迁吸光能力有限，但可借助有机配体的“天线效应”实现高效能量传递与敏化发光，配体能级匹配与结构设计对发光性能起关键作用。基于优异的光物理特性，稀土发光材料在环境污染物检测、生物成像及比率型传感领域展现出广阔应用前景，并有望在精准分析与健康监测中发挥重要作用。

Abstract: Rare-earth ions (Ln³⁺), owing to their unique 4f electronic configuration, exhibit remarkable advantages in terms of spectral resolution, luminescence lifetime, and photostability. This makes them an important research system for high-performance fluorescent probes and functional materials. Although their f-f transitions have limited light absorption capacity, efficient energy transfer and sensitized luminescence can be achieved via the “antenna effect” of organic ligands. The energy level matching and structural design of the ligands play a crucial role in determining the luminescence performance. Benefiting from these excellent photophysical properties, rare-earth luminescent materials hold great promise in environmental pollutant detection, bioimaging, and ratiometric sensing, and are expected to play a significant role in precise analysis and health monitoring.