基于计划行为理论的大学生体育锻炼研究综述

A Review of Physical Exercise Research among College Students Based on the Theory of Planned Behavior

摘要: 文章综述了计划行为理论在大学生体育锻炼领域的研究进展。研究系统回顾了计划行为理论的提出发展、核心构念及其测量与干预方法，总结了计划行为理论在大学生体育锻炼研究中的进展。研究发现，计划行为理论能有效预测大学生体育锻炼意向与行为，态度和知觉行为控制是意向的显著预测因子，而主观规范的作用则具有情境性。研究同时揭示了“意向–行为差距”的存在，通过引入新增变量与理论整合，解释与缩小了两者间的差距。未来研究应通过深化纵向研究、促进理论整合进一步探索计划行为理论在大学生体育锻炼中的应用，为促进大学生体育锻炼行为提供指导。

Abstract: This paper reviews the research progress on the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) in the field of college students’ physical exercise. It systematically examines the proposal and development of TPB, its core constructs, as well as related measurement and intervention methods, summarizing the advances in applying TPB to the study of college students’ physical exercise. The review finds that TPB can effectively predict college students’ physical exercise intentions and behaviors, with attitude and perceived behavioral control being significant predictors of intention, while the role of subjective norm is context-dependent. The study also reveals the existence of an “intention-behavior gap”. By introducing additional variables and integrating theories, researchers have been able to better explain and narrow this gap. Future studies should further explore the application of TPB in college students’ physical exercise by conducting more longitudinal research and promoting theoretical integration, so as to provide guidance for promoting physical exercise behaviors among college students.