发展型社会政策视角下我国农村儿童福利普惠转型的路径研究

Research on the Pathways for the Inclusive Transformation of Rural Children’s Welfare in China from the Perspective of Development-Oriented Social Policy

摘要: 在乡村振兴与共同富裕战略背景下，农村儿童福利经历着补缺型向适度普惠转型。本文基于发展型社会政策视角，系统梳理我国农村儿童福利从“保生存”向“促发展”的政策演进历程与实践进展。同时发现农村儿童福利普惠转型面临着儿童福利公平普惠原则较弱、发展型福利供给不足、队伍建设与福利发展不匹配等挑战，为此需要从提高儿童福利普惠性、完善发展型儿童福利内容、加强农村基层儿童福利队伍建设等方面促进农村儿童福利不断完善，从而提升农村儿童可行能力、支撑乡村的可持续发展。

Abstract: Against the backdrop of Rural Revitalization and Common Prosperity strategies, rural children’s welfare is undergoing a transformation from a residual model to a moderately inclusive one. From the perspective of development-oriented social policy, this paper systematically reviews the policy evolution and practical progress of rural children’s welfare in China, shifting from “ensuring survival” to “promoting development”. Meanwhile, it is found that the inclusive transformation of rural children’s welfare faces challenges such as a weak principle of fairness and inclusiveness, insufficient supply of development-oriented welfare, and a mismatch between workforce construction and welfare development. Therefore, it is necessary to promote the continuous improvement of rural children’s welfare by enhancing the inclusiveness of children’s welfare, refining the content of development-oriented welfare, and strengthening the construction of rural grassroots welfare teams. This, in turn, will enhance the capabilities of rural children and support the sustainable development of rural areas.