粉煤灰与酸性高炉渣配比对多孔莫来石基陶瓷吸附性能的影响

Effect of the Ratio of Fly Ash to Acidic Blast Furnace Slag on the Adsorption Performance of Porous Mullite-Based Ceramics

摘要: 为解决传统多孔莫来石陶瓷制备成本高的问题，以冶金固废粉煤灰和酸性高炉渣为主要原料，Al₂O₃为补充铝源，添加球形石墨粉造孔剂和3%聚乙烯醇粘结剂，采用模压成型工艺于1250℃常压烧制制备多孔莫来石陶瓷，探究原料配比及粒径对其性能的影响。结果表明：调控粉煤灰与酸性高炉渣质量比和粒径，可制备出净水效果和吸附性能良好的多孔莫来石基陶瓷，过滤水前后总溶解固体差值最大可达33 ppm，对六价铬离子和甲基橙最大吸附率分别可达30.89%和20.45%。物相分析显示试样主要由莫来石相、钙长石相和刚玉相构成，微观结构存在较多不规则孔径。

Abstract: To address the high production cost of traditional porous mullite ceramics, porous mullite-based ceramics were prepared via die pressing and subsequent sintering at 1250˚C under ambient pressure, using metallurgical solid wastes—fly ash and acid blast furnace slag—as the main raw materials, with Al₂O₃ as a supplementary aluminum source, spherical graphite powder as the pore-forming agent, and a 3 wt% polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) solution as the binder. The effects of raw material ratio and particle size on the properties of the ceramics were investigated. The results indicate that by regulating the mass ratio and particle size of fly ash and acidic blast furnace slag, porous mullite ceramics with favorable water purification effects and adsorption performance can be prepared. The maximum difference in total dissolved solids before and after water filtration reached 33 ppm, while the maximum adsorption rates for hexavalent chromium ions and methyl orange reached 30.89% and 20.45%, respectively. Phase analysis reveals that the sample is primarily composed of mullite, anorthite, and corundum phases, and the microstructure shows the presence of numerous irregular pores.