基于数据挖掘探讨龙江医派代表医家治疗 冠心病用药规律

Data Mining on Medication Patterns of Representative Physicians of Longjiang Medical School in Treating Coronary Heart Disease

摘要: 目的：运用数据挖掘方法探讨龙江医派代表医家治疗冠心病的用药规律。方法：收集龙江医派代表医家治疗冠心病医案，利用IBM SPSS Modeler18.0、IBM SPSS Statistics27.0及中医传承辅助平台V3.5软件，对处方用药进行描述性分析、关联规则分析、聚类分析以及药物功效、性味归经等统计分析，挖掘冠心病治疗中的常用药物、核心药对、药物组合及潜在组。结果：共纳入医案163例，处方163首，常用药物以丹参、川芎、黄芪、当归等为主；药性以温性与平性为主，寒凉次之；药味以甘、苦、辛为主，主要归肝、心、脾、肺经；功效类别以补虚药与活血化瘀药为主，其次为理气药与安神药。药物间关联规则分析显示，常用药对包括降香–川芎、赤芍–川芎、醋延胡索–当归、醋香附–醋延胡索等；常用群药以丹参–川芎–黄芪、当归–川芎–赤芍等组合为代表。聚类分析结果显示，常用药物可归纳为以益气健脾、活血化瘀、益气养阴为核心治法特征的三类组方结构。结论：龙江医派代表医家治疗冠心病用药以扶正益气、活血化瘀为基本原则，配合理气止痛、通络安神之法，形成以丹参、川芎、黄芪、当归等为核心的药物配伍体系。常用药对、群药及组方体现出益气与活血并重、气血同调、标本兼顾的配伍思维，可为冠心病的中医临床辨证论治及处方优化提供数据依据。

Abstract: Objective: To investigate the medication patterns used by representative physicians of the Longjiang Medical School in the treatment of coronary heart disease (CHD) through data mining methods. Methods: Medical records of CHD treated by representative Longjiang Medical School physicians were collected. IBM SPSS Modeler 18.0, IBM SPSS Statistics 27.0, and the Traditional Chinese Medicine Inheritance Support Platform (V3.5) were applied to perform descriptive analysis, association rule analysis, cluster analysis, and statistical analyses of herbal efficacy, properties, flavors, and meridian distribution, in order to identify commonly used herbs, core herb pairs, and prescription patterns. Results: A total of 163 cases and 163 prescriptions were included. Frequently used herbs included Salvia miltiorrhiza, Ligusticum chuanxiong, Astragalus mongholicus, and Angelica sinensis. Warm and neutral herbs were predominant; sweet, bitter, and pungent flavors were most common, with herbs mainly entering the liver, heart, spleen, and lung meridians. Tonifying and blood-activating herbs were most frequently used, followed by qi-regulating and mind-calming herbs. Common herb pairs and combinations were identified, such as Salvia miltiorrhiza-Ligusticum chuanxiong-Astragalus mongholicus. Cluster analysis revealed three major prescription patterns characterized by tonifying qi and strengthening the spleen, activating blood and resolving stasis, and tonifying qi and nourishing yin. Conclusion: The treatment of CHD by Longjiang Medical School physicians is mainly based on reinforcing qi and activating blood circulation, supplemented by regulating qi, relieving pain, and calming the mind. The identified herb pairs and prescription patterns reflect a therapeutic strategy emphasizing coordinated regulation of qi and blood and consideration of both root and branch, providing a data-based reference for clinical treatment and prescription optimization of CHD in Traditional Chinese Medicine.