某街道2025年老年人胸部DR正位片及 糖化血红蛋白检测结果分析

Analysis of Chest DR Posteroanterior Radiographs and Glycated Hemoglobin Test Results among Elderly Residents in a Subdistrict in 2025

摘要: 目的：分析辖区内2025年老年人基本公共卫生项目胸部DR正位片及检测结果，为基层老年人健康管理提供数据支撑。方法：采用横断面研究设计，收集2025年8月至12月东阁街道老年人健康体检胸部DR正位片及糖化血红蛋白检测的数据资料，采用SPSS 25.0进行统计分析。结果：共纳入5240名老年人，男性2230名(42.6%)，女性3010名(57.4%)，平均年龄72.90 ± 5.12岁。胸部DR正位片异常检出1629例(31.1%)，肺部病变532人(10.2%)，其中双肺纹理增重242人，结节/占位病变120人(建议CT者110人(91.7%))；心脏及纵隔大血管病变1075人(20.5%)，其中主动脉退行性病变占比最高共1013人(占该类病变的94.2%)。糖尿病检出1295人(24.7%)，其中既往糖尿病史1146人。非糖尿病居民4094人中，新发糖尿病患者为149人(3.6%)，糖尿病前期检出491人(12.0%)。结论：在社区人群普查胸部DR和糖化血红蛋白能够发现胸部病变和糖代谢异常，有助于疾病早期防治与管理。

Abstract: Objective: To analyze the results of chest DR posteroanterior radiographs and glycated hemoglobin tests from the 2025 basic public health program for elderly residents in the jurisdiction, and to provide evidence for primary elderly health management. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted. Data were collected from elderly residents who participated in the health check-up at Dongge Subdistrict between August and December 2025 and had completed both chest DR posteroanterior radiography and glycated hemoglobin test. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 25.0. Results: A total of 5240 elderly residents were included, comprising 2230 males (42.6%) and 3010 females (57.4%), with a mean age of 72.90 ± 5.12 years. Abnormalities were detected in 1629 cases (31.1%) in chest DR posteroanterior radiographs, with some individuals having multiple lesions. Pulmonary lesions were identified in 532 cases (10.2%), comprising 242 with increased bilateral lung markings and 120 with nodules or space-occupying lesions (of whom 110 (91.7%) were advised to undergo CT). Cardiac and mediastinal great vessel lesions were observed in 1075 cases (20.5%), with aortic degenerative lesions being the most common (1013 cases, accounting for 94.2% of such lesions). Diabetes was identified in 1295 individuals (24.7%); of these, 1146 had a prior history. Among the 4094 non-diabetic residents, 149 (3.6%) were newly diagnosed with diabetes, and 491 (12.0%) were identified as having prediabetes. Conclusion: Chest DR combined with glycated hemoglobin testing in population screening enables the detection of chest lesions and abnormal glucose metabolism, thus contributing to the early prevention and management of relevant diseases.