激光清洗AH32钢表面漆研究

Study on Laser Cleaning of Painted Surfaces on AH32 Steel

摘要: 本研究采用数值模拟与实验验证相结合的方法。首先，借助COMSOL Multiphysics软件构建了激光与漆层相互作用的有限元模型，通过仿真系统探究了激光功率密度及扫描速度对试样温度场分布的影响机制。基于仿真所得规律，进一步设计了实验方案。通过对处理后的表面进行形貌观察与粗糙度分析，最终将最佳激光参数确定为功率70 W、扫描速度2500 mm/s。在此参数下，聚氨酯漆层得以被高效且完整地去除，同时在清洗效果与基材保护之间取得了最优平衡。这一研究不仅有助于深入理解激光与材料相互作用的物理过程，也为该技术在船舶维修领域的实际应用提供了关键的工艺依据与操作参考。

Abstract: In this study, a combination of numerical simulation and experimental verification was used. Firstly, the finite element model of the interaction between laser and paint layer was established by COMSOL Multiphysics software, and the influence mechanism of laser power density and scanning speed on the temperature field distribution of the sample was explored through the simulation system. Based on the simulation results, the experimental scheme is further designed. By observing the surface morphology and analyzing the roughness of the treated surface, the optimal laser parameters were determined as the power of 70 W and the scanning speed of 2500 mm/s. Under these parameters, the polyurethane paint layer can be removed efficiently and completely, while achieving an optimal balance between cleaning effect and substrate protection. This study not only helps to understand the physical process of the interaction between laser and materials, but also provides a key process basis and operational reference for the practical application of this technology in the field of ship maintenance.