我国废弃煤矿地下空间应用现状与展望

Current Status and Prospects of Underground Space Utilization in Abandoned Coal Mines in China

摘要: 在我国经济飞速发展的同时，对煤炭资源的需求也与日俱增，大规模长时间开采煤炭资源、产能不足、开采难度大等一系列问题，产生了大规模的地下空间资源。本文聚焦于我国废弃煤矿地下空间的二次利用研究，将其划分为能源储存、资源储存和基础设施建设三大应用模式。在能源储存方面，探讨了抽水蓄能、压缩空气储能、重力储能和地热开发利用等多种形式。在资源储存方面，分析了地下水库、地下储油库、地下储气库及二氧化碳封存等技术。在基础设施建设方面，研究了深地医院、农业基地和矿山公园等潜在应用。当前我国在废弃煤矿地下空间利用方面仍处于初步探索阶段，面临诸多技术难题和挑战。

Abstract: While China’s economy is developing rapidly, the demand for coal resources is also increasing day by day. A series of problems, such as large-scale and long-term coal mining, insufficient production capacity, and high mining difficulty, have led to the emergence of a large amount of underground space resources. This article focuses on the secondary utilization of underground space in abandoned coal mines in China, dividing it into three application models: energy storage, resource storage, and infrastructure construction. In terms of energy storage, it explores various forms such as pumped storage, compressed air energy storage, gravitational energy storage, and geothermal development and utilization. In terms of resource storage, it analyzes technologies such as underground reservoirs, underground oil storage, underground gas storage, and carbon dioxide sequestration. In terms of infrastructure construction, it studies potential applications such as deep underground hospitals, agricultural bases, and mine parks. Currently, China is still in the initial exploration stage of utilizing underground space in abandoned coal mines and faces many technical difficulties and challenges.