基于干扰弹最优投放策略的自适应参数优化研究

Research on Adaptive Parameter Optimization Based on the Optimal Release Strategy of Jamming Projectiles

摘要: 烟幕干扰弹的作用是在目标前方特定空域形成遮蔽，干扰敌方导弹。随着烟幕干扰技术的不断发展，现已有多种投放方式完成烟幕干扰弹的定点精确投放，精确控制烟幕干扰弹到达预定位置，通过时间引信时序控制起爆时间。为提升无人机烟幕干扰弹对导弹的遮蔽干扰效能，解决无人机烟幕干扰弹投放策略优化问题，本文围绕无人机FY1与导弹M1的烟幕干扰效果开展系列研究。针对不同场景制定无人机的投放策略优化参数，实现有效遮蔽时长最大。首先分析单架无人机FY1投放1枚烟幕干扰弹的场景，建立导弹M1与无人机FY1的“一投一”单约束空间运动模型，研究并求解烟幕干扰弹对导弹M1的最大有效遮蔽时长。在此基础上，以烟幕干扰有效遮蔽时长最大化为目标，针对无人机FY1的飞行方向、飞行速度、投弹点及起爆点等关键参数，构建“一投一”多约束单目标优化模型，用自适应的粒子群优化算法确定最优飞行及投弹参数组合。本文通过刻画无人机、烟幕干扰弹、导弹的运动轨迹，结合遮蔽条件的几何判定与投放策略的优化模拟，确保各场景下策略的稳定性，为无人机烟幕干扰系统的实际应用提供理论支撑，在军事领域、消防领域等场景下有巨大实用价值。

Abstract: Smoke screen jamming projectiles’ function is to form a shield in a specific airspace in front of the target and jam enemy missiles. With the continuous development of smoke screen jamming technology, a variety of release methods have been developed to achieve fixed-point precise release of smoke screen jamming Projectiles, which enables accurate control of the Projectiles to reach the predetermined position and regulation of the detonation time in a time sequence via time fuzes. To improve the shielding and jamming efficiency of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-borne smoke screen jamming Projectiles against missiles and solve the problem of optimizing the release strategy of UAV-borne smoke screen jamming Projectiles, this paper carries out a series of studies on the smoke screen jamming effect between UAV FY1 and Missile M1. Optimization parameters for the UAV’s release strategy are formulated for different scenarios to maximize the duration of effective shielding. First, the scenario where a single UAV FY1 releases one smoke screen jamming projectile is analyzed, and the single-constraint spatial motion model of “one projectile released against one missile” for Missile M1 and UAV FY1 is established. On this basis, the maximum effective shielding duration of the smoke screen jamming projectile against Missile M1 is studied and solved. Furthermore, with the maximization of the effective shielding duration of the smoke screen jamming as the objective, a multi-constraint single-objective optimization model of “one projectile released against one missile” is constructed for the key parameters of UAV FY1, including flight direction, flight speed, projectile release point and detonation point. The adaptive particle swarm optimization (APSO) algorithm is adopted to determine the optimal combination of flight and projectile release parameters. By depicting the motion trajectories of the UAV, smoke screen jamming Projectiles and missiles, and combining the geometric judgment of shielding conditions with the optimization simulation of release strategies, this paper ensures the stability of the proposed strategies under various scenarios, which provides theoretical support for the practical application of the UAV-borne smoke screen jamming system and possesses great practical value in such fields as the military and fire protection.