肺结核患者不同诊疗阶段社会支持需求的 范围综述

Social Support Needs of Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients at Different Treatment Stages: A Scoping Review

摘要: 目的：对肺结核患者诊治全程的社会支持需求进行范围综述，为制订以肺结核患者需求为导向的康复护理方案提供参考。方法：本综述以乔安娜布里格斯研究所(JBI)范围综述指南为方法学框架，系统检索PubMed、Embase、Web of Science、Cochrane Library、Scopus、CINAHL、中国生物医学文献数据库、中国知网、万方数据知识服务平台、维普网中有关肺结核患者社会支持需求的文献，检索时限从建库至2026年1月28日，以社会支持框架对患者的需求进行了分类，并将其与划分患者不同诊疗时期的时机理论框架对应。结果：本综述共纳入21篇文献，在整个诊疗过程中，生理与生活、信息与教育、心理与情绪、物质与实际、陪伴与社交需求明显，而当与时机理论框架对应时，需求性质和强度有所不同。结论：本综述识别并界定了肺结核患者对生理症状管理的支持需求即“生理与生活支持”，拓展了社会支持框架在该群体中的应用，并识别了肺结核患者从诊断、住院或门诊治疗过渡到回归家庭或社会环境时社会支持需求的变化。了解不同诊疗阶段的需求，有助于指导对患者的医疗服务提供和支持。

Abstract: Objective: To review the social support needs of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis in the whole process of diagnosis and treatment, so as to provide reference for formulating rehabilitation nursing programs oriented to the needs of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. Methods Scoping Review Guidelines of the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) was used. A systematic literature review was conducted on the social support needs of pulmonary tuberculosis patients across multiple databases, in the databases including PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Scopus, CINAHL, SinoMed, CNKI, Wanfang, and VIP, from their inception to January 28, 2026. The needs of patients were classified based on the social support framework, and they were corresponded with the timing theoretical framework for different stages of patients’ diagnosis and treatment. Results: A total of 21 literatures were included. In the whole process of diagnosis and treatment, the needs of physiology and life, information and education, psychology and emotion, material and practical, companiation and social demand are obvious. When corresponding to the framework of “timing it right”, the nature and intensity of demand are different. Conclusion: This review identified and defined the support needs of tuberculosis patients for the management of physical symptoms, namely “physiological and life support”, expanded the application of the social support framework in this group, and identified the changes in social support needs of tuberculosis patients as they transition from diagnosis, hospitalization or outpatient treatment to returning to their family or social environment. Understanding the needs at different treatment stages is helpful for guiding the provision of medical services and support to patients.