器具辅助口肌训练联合早期介入丹佛模式治疗孤独症患儿的效果观察

Effect of Appliance-Assisted Oral Motor Training Combined with Early Start Denver Model on Children with Autism

摘要: 目的：探讨器具辅助口肌训练联合早期介入丹佛模式(ESDM)治疗孤独症谱系障碍患儿的临床效果。方法：选取2024年1月至2025年12月粤北人民医院儿童康复科收治60例孤独症谱系障碍患儿作为研究对象，用随机数字表法分成实验组与对照组，每组30例。其中对照组采用常规康复训练，实验组在对照组原有基础上增加器具辅助口肌训练联合早期介入丹佛模式，干预周期均为3个月。治疗前后用儿童孤独症评定量表(CARS-2)与自闭症儿童心理教育评核(CPEP-3)评估两组患儿症状严重程度及各项能力发展水平。结果：干预前两组CARS-2总分和CPEP-3各项副测验原积分均无显著统计学差异(P > 0.05)；干预后，实验组CARS-2总分明显低于对照组，CPEP-3中认知(语言/语前)、语言表达、语言理解、模仿(视觉/动作)、情感表达、社交互动、行为特征–非语言、行为特征–语言共8项原积分均显著高于对照组，差异均具有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。结论：器具辅助口肌训练联合早期介入丹佛模式治疗孤独症患儿效果好，能减轻孤独症的症状严重程度，显著提升其认知、语言理解、语言表达、模仿、情感表达、社交沟通及相关行为特征能力，具有临床推广价值。

Abstract: Objective: To investigate the clinical effect of appliance-assisted oral motor training combined with the Early Start Denver Model (ESDM) in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Methods: Sixty ASD children admitted to our hospital from January 2024 to December 2025 were randomly divided into experimental group and control group (n = 30 each). The control group received routine rehabilitation training, while the experimental group received additional appliance-assisted oral motor training combined with ESDM for 3 months. The Childhood Autism Rating Scale-2 (CARS-2) and Childhood Psychoeducational Profile-3 (CPEP-3) were used for evaluation. Results: Before intervention, there was no statistically significant difference in the total score of CARS-2 and the raw scores of all subtests of CPEP-3 between the two groups (P > 0.05). After intervention, the total score of CARS-2 in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group. Additionally, the raw scores of 8 subtests in CPEP-3—including cognition (language/pre-language), language expression, language comprehension, imitation (visual/motor), emotional expression, social interaction, behavioral characteristics - non-verbal, and behavioral characteristics - verbal—were all significantly higher in the experimental group than in the control group, and all differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Appliance-assisted oral motor training combined with the Early Start Denver Model is effective in treating children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). It can alleviate the severity of autistic symptoms and significantly improve their abilities in cognition, language comprehension, language expression, imitation, emotional expression, social communication, and related behavioral characteristics, thus having clinical promotion value.