越南汉语初中级学习者时量补语习得偏误分析

Error Analysis of Temporal Complement Acquisition by Vietnamese Intermediate and Advanced Learners of Chinese

摘要: 本文以越南初中级学习者为对象，采用问卷调查法，分析其汉语时量补语习得偏误。研究发现，偏误主要为错序(发生率约57%)、误代、遗漏、误加四类，其中错序偏误集中表现为离合词、宾语与时量补语的语序混乱及“了”的位置偏差。此类偏误源于母语负迁移、目的语规则泛化、学习策略偏差及教材教学因素四大核心成因。

Abstract: This paper focuses on Vietnamese intermediate and advanced learners of Chinese and uses a questionnaire survey method to analyze errors in their acquisition of Chinese temporal complements. The study finds that the errors primarily fall into four categories: word order errors (with an incidence rate of about 57%), substitution errors, omission errors, and addition errors. Among them, word order errors are mainly manifested as confusion between separable verbs, the word order of objects and temporal complements, and errors in the placement of “了” (le). These errors are caused by four core factors: negative transfer from the mother tongue, overgeneralization of target language rules, learning strategy deviations, and factors related to textbooks and teaching methods.