目标一致性与责任归属对角色情绪推断的影响：基于自然主义范式的研究

The Impact of Goal Congruence and Responsibility Attribution on Character Emotion Inferences: A Naturalistic Paradigm Study

摘要: 情绪推断是个体理解他人意图并进行有效社会互动的基础。以往研究多采用静态面部表情或孤立的情境描述，缺乏生态效度。本研究采用自然主义范式，利用具有复杂叙事逻辑的视频材料，考察了目标一致性与责任归属对观察者推断角色情绪的影响机制。实验记录了被试在观看自然叙事流中对角色评价维度的即时感知及情绪推断评分。结果表明：1) 目标维度两极的效应分离：目标阻碍触发推断，而目标促进抑制推断。2) 在责任归因上，研究发现观察者他人责任触发推断。3) 焦虑情绪的推断高度依赖于“目标受阻”与“自我归因”的交互作用。

Abstract: Emotion inference serves as the cornerstone for individuals to understand others’ intentions and engage in effective social interactions. However, traditional research has largely relied on static facial expressions or isolated situational vignettes, which often lack ecological validity. This study employs a naturalistic paradigm using video materials with complex narrative logic to investigate the mechanisms by which goal congruence and responsibility attribution influence an observer’s emotion inference. By recording real-time perceptions of appraisal dimensions and emotion inference scores within a dynamic narrative flow, the study reveals several key findings: 1) a dissociation of effects across goal dimensions, where goal hindrance triggers active emotion inference while goal facilitation tends to inhibit it; 2) a specific triggering mechanism in responsibility attribution, where the perception of other-responsibility significantly catalyzes the inference process; and 3) a unique appraisal profile for anxiety, demonstrating that the inference of anxiety stems from a specific combinatorial effect of “goal hindrance” and “self-responsibility attribution”.