框架核酸在原位成像中的应用：技术进展与未来展望
Framework Nucleic Acids for In Situ Imaging: Technical Advances and Future Prospects
DOI: 10.12677/hjbm.2026.162027, PDF,   
作者: 冯梦佳, 王 佳*：重庆医科大学附属大学城医院妇产科，重庆；吴茳铃：重庆医科大学附属大学城医院检验科，重庆
关键词: 框架核酸；原位成像；功能化修饰；分子探针；生物成像；Framework Nucleic Acids； In Situ Imaging； Functional Modification； Molecular Probes； Bioimaging
摘要: 框架核酸(Framework Nucleic Acids, FNAs)作为一类新型纳米材料，凭借其精确的结构与可编程设计的特性，近年来在生物医学成像领域受到了广泛关注。FNAs兼具结构稳定性、生物相容性及功能可调控性等独特优势，使其在原位成像领域展现出广阔应用前景，尤其适用于细胞表面标记、细胞内分子成像及活体生物成像等关键场景。尽管相关研究已取得重要进展，但基于FNAs的成像技术仍面临稳定性不足、成像精度有待提升及应用范围较窄等挑战。因此，本文系统总结了FNAs的设计原理、功能化修饰策略及其在原位成像中的多样化应用，并展望了该领域未来的发展方向，旨在为相关研究提供理论支撑与技术参考，进而促进FNAs在生物医学成像领域创新发展。
Abstract: Framework Nucleic Acids (FNAs), as an emerging class of nanomaterials, have garnered significant attention in the field of biomedical imaging in recent years due to their precisely engineered structures and programmable design capabilities. FNAs exhibit distinct advantages—including structural stability, biocompatibility, and functional tunability—which render them highly promising for in situ imaging applications, particularly in critical scenarios such as cell surface labeling, intracellular molecular imaging, and in vivo biological imaging. Despite substantial progress in this area, FNAs-based imaging technologies still face challenges including insufficient stability, suboptimal imaging precision, and limited application scope. Accordingly, this review systematically summarizes the design principles, functional modification strategies, and diverse applications of FNAs in in situ imaging, and discusses future directions for development in this field. The goal is to provide theoretical support and technical references for related research, thereby facilitating the innovative advancement of FNAs in biomedical imaging.
文章引用：冯梦佳, 吴茳铃, 王佳. 框架核酸在原位成像中的应用：技术进展与未来展望[J]. 生物医学, 2026, 16(2): 258-266. https://doi.org/10.12677/hjbm.2026.162027

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