鹰嘴蜜桃肥料新产品与施肥新技术应用效果研究

Study on the Application Effects of New Fertilizer Products and Fertilization Techniques for Yingzui Honey Peach

摘要: 为探索鹰嘴蜜桃高效施肥新模式，落实化肥减量要求，提升果实产量与品质，于2024年在随州市曾都区万店镇夹子沟村旺丰农业种植专业合作社鹰嘴桃园开展肥料新产品与施肥新技术应用效果对比试验。试验设置3个施肥处理——常规施肥(T1)、追肥宜施壮果树专用肥(T2)和基施 + 追施宜施壮果树专用肥(T3)。通过测定果实单果鲜重、横径及可溶性固形物含量，分析不同施肥方案对鹰嘴蜜桃生长及果实性状的影响。结果表明，全程采用宜施壮系列肥料(T3)的单果重和果实横径方面表现最优，分别较常规水溶肥处理(T1)分别提高22.2 g (13.54%)和4.2 mm (6.25%)，T3同时也降低了果实横径变异；T2也较T1有显著提升，但效果不及T3。3个处理在果实可溶性固形物含量上差异不显著。研究表明，宜施壮系列肥料配套施肥技术可有效提升鹰嘴蜜桃果实大小、单果重量和果实大小的一致性，为鹰嘴蜜桃优质高产栽培提供了科学施肥依据。

Abstract: To explore a high-efficiency fertilization mode for Yingzui Honey Peach, comply with chemical fertilizer reduction mandates, and improve fruit yield and quality, a comparative experiment on the application effects of new fertilizer products and advanced fertilization technologies was conducted in the Yingzui Honey Peach orchard of Wangfeng Agricultural Planting Professional Cooperative, Jiazigou Village, Wandian Town, Zengdu District, Suizhou City in 2024. Three fertilization treatments were established: conventional fertilization (T1), topdressing with Yishizhuang fruit tree-specific fertilizer (T2), and base fertilization combined with topdressing of Yishizhuang fruit tree-specific fertilizer (T3). By measuring fresh weight, transverse diameter, and soluble solid content of individual fruits, the effects of different fertilization schemes on the growth and fruit traits of Yingzui Honey Peach were analyzed. The results showed that T3, which adopted Yishizhuang series fruit tree-specific fertilizers throughout the entire growth cycle, exhibited superior performance in single fruit weight and fruit transverse diameter, showing increments of 22.2 g (13.54%) and 4.2 mm (6.25%), respectively, compared with the conventional water-soluble fertilizer treatment (T1). Meanwhile, T3 also reduced the variation in fruit transverse diameter. T2 also showed improvements compared with T1, but its performance was inferior to that of T3. No significant difference in fruit soluble solid content was observed among the three treatments. This study indicates that the integrated fertilization technology using Yishizhuang series fruit tree-specific fertilizers can effectively increase fruit size, single fruit weight, and uniformity of fruit size in Yingzui Honey Peach, offering empirical support for scientific fertilization in high-quality and high-yield cultivation of this variety.