阶梯式心理护理模式对口腔癌围手术期患者心理资本与家属恐惧心理的协同干预研究

Effects of a Stepped Psychological Nursing Model on Psychological Capital in Perioperative Oral Cancer Patients and Caregivers’ Fear of Progression

摘要: 目的：通过探究阶梯式心理护理模式在口腔癌患者围手术期的效果，为缓解负性情绪、降低恐惧并提高生活质量提供参考依据。方法：取80例就诊于桂林医学院附属医院口腔颌面外科的口腔癌患者(2024年07月至2025年03月)，通过机会抽样法平均分为两组，对照组采用常规护理，观察组则是在此基础上加用阶梯式心理护理模式。通过心理问卷、家属恐惧疾病进展量表及癌症生活质量量表比较两组模式的差异。结果：阶梯式护理模式可以显著提高患者心理状态总分的4个维度得分以及提升生活质量评分(P < 0.05)，并降低家属恐惧疾病进展总分的2个维度得分(P < 0.05)。结论：口腔癌患者围手术期阶梯式心理护理模式的应用可以提高患者的心理状态水平、改善生活质量并缓解家属心理恐惧。

Abstract: Objective: To explore the effect of a stepped psychological nursing model during the perioperative period of patients with oral cancer, and to provide a reference for alleviating negative emotions, reducing fear, and improving quality of life. Methods: A total of 80 patients with oral cancer treated in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University (July 2024 to March 2025), were selected and equally divided into two groups by convenience sampling. The control group received routine nursing care, while the observation group received the stepped psychological nursing model in addition to routine care. Psychological questionnaires, the Family Fear of Progression Questionnaire, and the Cancer Quality of Life Scale were used to compare the differences between the two groups. Results: The stepped psychological nursing model significantly improved the scores of four dimensions of patients’ overall psychological status and enhanced quality of life scores (P < 0.05), while reducing the scores of two dimensions of family fear of disease progression (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The application of a stepped psychological nursing model during the perioperative period of oral cancer patients can improve patients’ psychological status, enhance quality of life, and alleviate psychological fear among family members.