某矿深部回采工作面热害分析及机械降温技术研究

Study on Heat Hazard Analysis and Mechanical Cooling Technology of Deep Mining Face in a Mine

摘要: 随着浅部煤炭资源枯竭，我国煤矿开采深度逐年增加，深井高温热害问题日益突出，严重威胁井下作业人员的健康与安全生产。本文以西北某矿深部回采工作面为研究对象，通过现场实测、理论分析及FLUENT数值模拟相结合的方法，系统分析了工作面的热害成因及温度场分布规律。研究结果表明：导致工作面高温的主要热源为煤体自身散热(占比50%~60%)、采空区遗煤氧化散热、相邻采空区导热及机械设备运转散热，且热源分布不均导致工作面出现局部高温；该工作面实际开采深度(350 m)已超过矿井通风降温极限开采深度(293 m)，单纯依靠增大风量降温效果有限；基于需冷量计算(2534 kW)，选用水冷式集中制冷降温系统(WAT)后，工作面温度降低3℃~4℃，有效地将温度控制在26℃以下。本研究为类似地质条件下深部矿井的热害治理提供了理论依据和工程实践参考。

Abstract: With the depletion of shallow coal resources, the mining depth of coal mines in China has been increasing year by year. The issue of high-temperature heat hazards in deep mines has become increasingly prominent, posing a serious threat to the health of underground workers and safe production. This paper takes a deep mining face in a northwest mine as its research subject. Through a combination of field measurements, theoretical analysis, and FLUENT numerical simulation, it systematically analyzes the causes of heat hazards in the mining face and the distribution patterns of the temperature field. Research findings indicate that the primary heat sources contributing to high temperatures in the working face are: heat dissipation from the coal body itself (accounting for 50%~60%), heat dissipation from oxidized residual coal in the goaf, heat conduction from adjacent goafs, and heat dissipation from mechanical equipment operation. The uneven distribution of these heat sources leads to localized high temperatures within the working face. The actual mining depth of this face (350 m) exceeds the mine’s ventilation-cooling limit depth (293 m), making temperature reduction through increased airflow alone ineffective. Based on cooling demand calculations (2534 kW), the adoption of the water-cooled centralized refrigeration cooling system (WAT) reduced face temperatures by 3˚C~4˚C, effectively maintaining temperatures below 26˚C. This study provides theoretical foundations and engineering practice references for heat hazard management in deep mines under similar geological conditions.