数字原住民的志愿之路：大学生网络志愿服务的参与状况及影响因素分析

The Volunteer Path of Digital Indigenous Peoples: Analysis of the Participation Status and Influencing Factors of College Students in Online Volunteer Services

摘要: 随着数字技术深入社会各个领域，志愿服务的形式也在发生重要变化，从过去主要在线下开展，逐渐转向线上与线下相结合的模式。网络志愿服务作为党建引领新时代文明实践的重要形式，不仅拓展了志愿服务的空间边界，也重塑了青年群体参与公共事务的方式。大学生作为典型的“数字原住民”，即成长于互联网环境的青年群体，在技术适应力、信息处理能力和网络协作能力方面具有天然优势，理应成为网络志愿服务的重要主体。然而现实中大学生参与网络志愿服务仍面临一些困难，比如很难长期坚持参与、实际行动和意愿存在差距、相关支持制度也不够完善。基于此，本文在系统梳理网络志愿服务与数字原住民相关理论的基础上，引入计划行为理论与技术可供性理论，从个体、环境与项目三个层面构建大学生网络志愿服务参与机制的理论分析框架，深入探讨数字时代大学生网络志愿服务参与的内在逻辑与作用路径，以期为网络志愿服务的规范发展和青年公共参与能力的培育提供理论支撑，提升青年参与动力与意愿、促进网络志愿服务发展。

Abstract: With the deepening of digital technology in various fields of society, the form of volunteer service is also undergoing significant changes, gradually shifting from mainly offline to a combination of online and offline models. As an important form of Party building leading the practice of civilization in the new era, online volunteer service not only expands the spatial boundaries of volunteer service, but also reshapes the way young people participate in public affairs. As a typical “digital aborigine”, that is, a youth group growing up in the Internet environment, college students have natural advantages in technological adaptability, information processing ability and network collaboration ability, and should become an important subject of online volunteer services. However, in reality, college students still face some difficulties in participating in online volunteer services, such as difficulty in persisting in long-term participation, gaps in actual actions and willingness, and inadequate support systems. Based on this, this article systematically reviews the relevant theories of online volunteer service and digital natives, introduces the theory of planned behavior and the theory of technological availability, and constructs a theoretical analysis framework for the participation mechanism of college students in online volunteer service from three levels: individual, environment, and project. It deeply explores the internal logic and functional path of college students’ participation in online volunteer service in the digital age, in order to provide theoretical support for the standardized development of online volunteer service and the cultivation of youth public participation ability, enhance youth participation motivation and willingness, and promote the development of online volunteer service.